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Abnormal Psychology > 3-9 > Flashcards

3-9 Flashcards

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1
Q

Cultural influences of eating disorders

A

thinness is equated with health

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2
Q

Number one mental illness that results in death

A

anorexia nervousa

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3
Q

More ____ than ______ are diagnosed with bulimia nervousa

A

females, males

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4
Q

Number one eating disorder

A

binge-eating disorder

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5
Q

Rise in eating disorders is fueled by

A

morbid fear of weight gain

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6
Q

Diagnosis that is the relentless pursuit of thinness through starvation

A

anorexia nervousa

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7
Q

Main symptoms of anorexia nervousa

A

below 85% of normal body weight, intense fear of becoming overweight, distorted view of weight and shape, amenorrhea

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8
Q

Describe timeline of anorexia developing

A

start off with normal weight, stressful event, anorexia, then either recovery or death

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9
Q

Three more clinical factors of picture of anorexia nervousa

A

(1)preoccupied with food, dream about food, (2) possible anxiety, depression, substance abuse, and OCD around food, (3) distorted self-perception of fatness

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10
Q

Goal of people with anorexia nervousa

A

become thin

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11
Q

Driving motivation of people with anorexia nervousa

A

fear of being fat, losing control over body

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12
Q

Medical problems causes by anorexia nervousa

A

amenorrhea, low body temperature, low BP & HR, swollen belly, brittle bones, skin, and nails, metabolic and electrolyte imbalances, lanugo

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13
Q

Term for disorder in which fine blond hairs begin to sprout over the body

A

lanugo

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14
Q

Disorder also known as binge-purge syndrome, characterized by binges

A

BULIMIA NERVOSA

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15
Q

Behavior described as engaging in bouts of uncontrolled overeating, often in secret, often without chewing

A

binges

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16
Q

Behavior described as abusing diuretics, laxatives, emetics, etc

A

purges

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17
Q

Does someone with bulimia look too thin

A

no, looks more normal weight

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18
Q

Four characteristics of bulimia nervosa

A

repeated binging, repeated purging, 3+ weeks, inappropriate appraisal of weight and shape

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19
Q

Timeline for bulimia nervosa

A

start out as overweight, maybe go on intense diet, triggers cycle of binge-purge

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20
Q

Trick test question about teenagers experimenting with binges or purges

A

may not qualify for diagnosis of bulimia nervosa

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21
Q

Describe cycle of binges and purges

A

tension begins building, person binges and feels pleasure, guilt builds up, person purges relieving guilt, then tension builds again

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22
Q

Compensatory behavior of purging to relieve guilt from binging include

A

laxatives, emetics, excessive exercise

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23
Q

Similarities of anorexia and bulimia

A

obsession with food, drive to be thin, risk of suicide, substance abuse, distorted beliefs

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24
Q

Differences of anorexia and bulimia

A

Bulimia more concerned with pleasing others, bulimia more sexually active, bulimia more mood swings, low frustration tolerance, poor coping

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25
Q

Disorder in which people only engage in binging behavior without purging

A

binge eating disorder

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26
Q

Binge eating disorder must take place how often over what timeframe to get diagnosed with what feelings

A

weekly for 3+ months, feelings of guilt or disgust

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27
Q

As a result of their binges, two-thirds of people with binge eating disorder become

A

overweight or obese

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28
Q

Most overweight people (do/do not) binge

A

do not

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29
Q

What percent of the populating have binge eating disorder

A

between 2-7%

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30
Q

Websites that promote anorexia and encourage anorexia

A

pro-ana sites

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31
Q

Term for forced vomiting and related behaviors to prevent weight gain

A

compensatory behaviors

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32
Q

Psychodynamic theorist who researched eating disorders

A

Hilde Bruch

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33
Q

Hilde Bruch’s main psychodynamic argument for eating disorders

A

ego deficiencies result from a problem in mother-child relationships

34
Q

Hilde Bruch’s psychodynamic term for poor control and poor sense of independence resulting in perceptual problems of body size and body image

A

ego deficiencies

35
Q

Hilde Bruch’s psychodynamic contrast of effective and ineffective parents

A

ineffective don’t comfort, calm with bottle or sandwich

36
Q

Research of Bruch’s psychodynamic view of people with eating disorders support what three things

A

inaccurate emotional cue perceptions, alexithymia, excessive dependence on views of others

37
Q

Term for inability to identify and describe own emotions

A

alexithymia

38
Q

Summary of cognitive perspective on eating disorders

A

improper labeling of internal sensations and needs, irrational desire to control body resulting from little feeling of control over life

39
Q

People with eating disorders may qualify for what other diagnosis

A

major depression

40
Q

People with eating disorders especially bulimia are low in what brain chemical

A

serotonin

41
Q

What medication treats eating disorders by treating underlying serotonin deficiency

A

antidepressant SSRI

42
Q

SSRIs have what other side effects

A

reduced anxiety about eating and gaining weight

43
Q

Biological theorists identify _____ that may leave people vulnerable to eating disorders

A

certain genes

44
Q

What brain structure have biological theorists identified as related to eating disorders

A

hypothalamus

45
Q

Term for weight level that a person is predisposed to maintain

A

weight set point

46
Q

Term for important function of hypothalamus in in maintaining weight set point

A

weight thermostat

47
Q

Under sociocultural theory, Societal pressures that affect eating disorders

A

western standards toward thinness and prejudice against obese people

48
Q

Under sociocultural theory, The socially accepted prejudice against overweight people may also add to what societal pressure

A

“fear” and preoccupation about weight

49
Q

Under sociocultural theory, A recent survey of adolescent girls tied eating disorders and body dissatisfaction to

A

Social networking, Internet activities, Television browsing

50
Q

Under sociocultural theory, France, Israel, Spain, and Italy have banned _______ from working in the fashion industry

A

excessively thin models

51
Q

Under sociocultural theory, France, Israel, Spain, and Italy models must obtain what in order to work

A

health certificate

52
Q

Under sociocultural theory, France has banned what websites

A

pro-anorexia, “thinspiration“

53
Q

Under sociocultural theory, What family influences may result in eating disorders

A

family history of emphasizing thinness, appearance, dieting, perfectionism

54
Q

Under sociocultural theory, Sociocultural therapy term for family being overinvolved with each other, over-concerned with each others’ lives

A

enmeshed family patterns

55
Q

Under sociocultural theory, gender differences in losing weight

A

men exercise, women diet

56
Q

Males account for ____ percent of eating disorders

A

5-10 percent

57
Q

Job and sport categories at risk for bulimia

A

jockeys and distance runners

58
Q

Often male psychological problem referred to as reverse anorexia, in which males seel themselves as too small

A

muscle dysmorphobia

59
Q

Two main goals of treating anorexia

A

correct dangerous eating patterns, address broader psychological factors

60
Q

Three immediate aims of anorexia nervosa treatment

A

Regain lost weight, Recover from malnourishment, Eat normally again

61
Q

In the past, preferred treatment for anorexia

A

hospitalizations

62
Q

Three recent preferred treatment for anorexia

A

day hospital or outpatient, nutritional rehab, behavioral and cognitive therapy

63
Q

Therapists help patients with anorexia nervosa do what 4 things

A

Recognize their need for independence and control, Recognize and trust their internal feelings, Change their attitudes about eating and weight, Correct disturbed cognitions and learn about body distortions using cognitive approaches

64
Q

Behavioral approach to treating anorexia

A

monitor feelings, monitor hunger levels, track what they eat, write evaluations based on variables

65
Q

Cognitive approach to treating anorexia

A

identify core pathology and change illogical beliefs

66
Q

Cognitive term for client’s self-judgment over weight and ability to control these things

A

core pathology

67
Q

Sociocultural family therapy does what two things for anorexia

A

addresses separation and boundaries (enmeshment), uses combined treatment approaches

68
Q

Positive treatment outcomes for anorexia

A

weight gain, menstruation returns, death rate declines

69
Q

Negative treatment outcomes for anorexia

A

25% remain troubled, recovery not always permanent, lingering emotional problems

70
Q

Behavioral treatment approaches for bulimia

A

food diaries, Exposure and Response Prevention

71
Q

Cognitive treatment for bulimia

A

change maladaptive attitudes, recognize binge urges and negative thoughts

72
Q

Other forms of psychotherapy for bulimia

A

group therapy, family therapy, individual therapy

73
Q

Biological drug therapy for bulimia

A

antidepressants

74
Q

Preferred therapy approach for bulimia

A

combined, drugs plus other therapies

75
Q

Aftermath of Bulimia Nervosa

A

left untreated can last for years, ruined teeth, cancer of esophagus

76
Q

Relapses of bulimia are often triggered by

A

stress

77
Q

Recovered bulimics are more likely to relapse when

A

they have had longer history of symptoms, vomited frequently, history of substance abuse, lingering interpersonal problems

78
Q

Treatments for binge eating disorder are similar to what other disorder

A

bulimia

79
Q

Therapies for binge eating disorder

A

behavioral therapy, group therapy, antidepressants

80
Q

Additional treatments for binge eating disorder

A

treatments specific to obesity, emerging specialized treatments

Abnormal Psychology (13 decks)

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