3 - 3 Meiosis Notes

Question 1

Meiosis

Answer 1

• A form of cell division that occurs in sex cells.
• Creates sex cells called gametes (sperm and eggs).
• Also known as reduction division.
• During this process, cells go through two divisions which reduces the number of chromosomes to half (haploid)

Question 2

Gametes

Answer 2

Sperm and egg cells created through meiosis

Question 3

Haploid

Answer 3

Number of chromosomes reduced to half

Question 4

Why reduce the number of chromosomes?

Answer 4

• This is important because sperm and eggs combine during fertilization to form a zygote.
• The sperm and the eggs each contribute half the number of chromosomes to complete the genetic code (diploid), if they were not half, the new organism would have too many chromosomes.

Question 5

If a cell is Diploid, what percentage of the parent cell’s genetic material does the cell have?

Answer 5

100%

Question 6

Fertilization

Answer 6

The process when a sperm and egg cell join together

Question 7

If a cell is Haploid, what percentage of the parent cell’s genetic material does the cell have?

Answer 7

50%

Question 8

Zygote

Answer 8

Cell that is made after a sperm and egg cell join together

Question 9

Mitosis DNA Replication

Answer 9

Occurs during interphase before mitosis begins

Question 10

Meiosis DNA Replication

Answer 10

Occurs during interphase before meiosis begins

Question 11

Mitosis Number of Divisions

Answer 11

One

Question 12

Meiosis Number of Divisions

Answer 12

Two

Question 13

Mitosis Number of daughter cells created

Answer 13

Two

Question 14

Meiosis Number of daughter cells created

Answer 14

Four

Question 15

Mitosis Genetic Composition

Answer 15

Genetically identical cells (Diploid)

Question 16

Meiosis Genetic Composition

Answer 16

Cell contains half of the parent’s chromosomes (Haploid)

Question 17

Mitosis Role in the animal body

Answer 17

Produces cells for growth and repair

Question 18

Meiosis Role in the animal body

Answer 18

Produces sex cells