3 - 2 Cell Growth and Division

Question 1

Cell division

Answer 1

when a cell produces two new daughter cells

Question 2

Cell division is…

Answer 2

• The process that allows young organisms to grow.
• Replacement of injured and worn-out cells
• Reproduction of single-celled organisms

Question 3

Interphase

Answer 3

• Inter - meaning between
• The active time between cell divisions, so the cell will be Growing, making proteins, generating ATP, or moving.
• Most of the cell’s life occurs during this time.
• At the end, the DNA is copied exactly (duplicated) to prepare for mitosis.

Question 4

Mitosis

Answer 4

• Cellular process of passing on DNA
• DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) – code of cellular instructions
• Mitosis occurs in four stages:
  P – Prophase
  M – Metaphase
  A – Anaphase
  T - Telophase

Question 5

Prophase

Answer 5

• Pro – meaning before
• The DNA forms strands called chromosomes.
• The Centrioles move to opposite sides of the nucleus.
• The nuclear membrane disappears.
• Long spindle fibers stretch between centrioles and attach to the chromosomes at the centromere.

Question 6

Metaphase

Answer 6

• Meta – Meaning in the middle

- The chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.

Question 7

Anaphase

Answer 7

• Ana – meaning up or away
• Anaphase looks like a tug-o-war between chromosomes.
• The fibers shorten and the doubled chromosomes separate into single chromosomes called chromatids.
• The chromatids move to opposite sides of the cell.

Question 8

Telophose

Answer 8

• Telo – Meaning end
• The chromosomes reach opposite ends of the cell and the fibers disappear.
• A Nuclear envelope forms around each new nucleus.
• The new nuclei are identical to the parent nucleus.
• The Cytoplasm and organelles move to either side of the cell and the cell pinches in half. (Cytokinesis).

Question 9

Daughter cells

Answer 9

Are identical to their parent cells