2NS SEM UNIT TEST: pancreatic islets Flashcards
all of the following enzymes are phosphorylated to be functional in the presence of insulin EXCEPT:
Glycogen synthase
Natirang answers for correlation:
glucokinase, hexokinase, phosphorylase kinase
presence of amyloid deposits in the islets of Langerhans, mostly affecting the beta cells usually observed in
Adult onset diabetes mellitus
The endocrine structures of the pancreas is MOST numerous at the
TAIL
[pinakaleast: HEAD]
The pancreatic blood will contain what hormone first?
INSULIN
a 45 year old, a diabetes mellitus patient, was seen in the clinic for laboratory work up, which of the following laboratory results will confirm DM diagnosis?
An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 2 hr value of 210 mg/dL and 1 hr value of 220 mg/dL
Based on all the functions of the pancreatic polypeptide, it generally
Decreases absorption of nutrients
Which of the following hormones causes hyperinsulinemic hyperglycemia?
Growth hormone and cortisol
In the presence of insulin, the kidney decreases urine concentration of this electrolyte
sodium
Which is NOT usually observe in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or type 2 DM?
presence of islet cell immunoglobins
All of the following is inversely proportional with pancreatic polypeptide activity EXCEPT
Intestinal transit time
It is considered a delayed effect of insulin
Lipogenesis
Which is a delayed anabolic action of insulin?
Lipid synthesis/Lipogenesis
Gestational diabetes mellitus is a condition wherein there is glucose intolerance that is first identified during
PREGNANCY
This condition is NOT expected when the beta cells of the islets are stimulated to secrete insulin
Translocation of glucose transporter from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane
In the insulin receptor, the tyrosine kinases are present in the
cytoplasmic portion of the beta subunits
When INSULIN is exerting its effects on the target cells, which signaling pathway is MOSTLY involved with carbohydrates, fat and protein metabolism?
PHOSPHOTIDYLINOSITOL-3 KINASE PATHWAY
In the interactions of hormones (islets of langerhans) somatostatin inhibits the activity of
Beta cells
Alpha cells
F cells
The anabolic effects of insulin are usually synergistic with this hormone
Somatotrophic hormone
Clinical characteristics of type 2 DM EXCEPT:
Increase insulin sensitivity other answers for correlation: obesity hyperglycemia late onset with age
Action of somatostatin
Inhibits insulin secretion
Decreases GIT absorption
Inhibits glucagon secretion
Which of the following promotes hyperglycemia by inhibiting the release of insulin?
epinephrine
In the striated muscles, which activity is enhanced in the presence of insulin?
Amino acid uptake
Insulin is NOT capable of promoting glucose transport in these cells/tissues
Renal tubular cells
Red blood cells
Small intestinal cells
[EXCEPT IN: breasts, pituitary gland]
Before glucose is absorbed,
insulin is already in the blood
