Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHYSIOLOGY > 2nd semester: Renal 1 & 2 > Flashcards

2nd semester: Renal 1 & 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The regulation of arterial pressure by the kidneys is associated with what system?

A

RAAS (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hormones by the kidneys: Erythpoietin, renin and calcitriol. What hormone is secreted by the JG cells/granular cells?

A

Renin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hormones that target kidneys: ADH, aldosterone, ANP (anti natriuretic peptide), calcitonin, parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Which of these is the most potent mineralocorticoid in the glomerulus?

A

Aldosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The renal cortex’s environment is _____ in nature.

A

isotonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The renal medulla’s is _____ in nature. It contains pyramids and renal columns.

A

hypertonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the components of the Renal Hilum?

A

Renal Artery
Renal Vein
Ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The urine is formed by the _____

A

nephrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the smooth muscle of the ureters are capable of peristaltic movement enhanced by _____

A

parasympathetic activation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The kidneys receive ____ of cardiac output. Highest percentage of CO per 100g of tissue.

A

20-25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Is the pressure high in the renal artery as it bifurcates into different branches?

A

no, it decreases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Is the pressure in the glomerular capillaries more than normal hydrostatic pressure?

A

yes, it is 60mm/Hg.

normal HP = 25 -35mm/Hg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the main reason of the pressure decreasing to 18mm/Hg when it passes through the efferent arteriole?

A

There is high resistance in the arterioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

High capillary hydrostatic BP favors fluid filtration

Low capillary hydrostatic BP favors

A

fluid absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Norepinephrine ________ by sympathetic fibers

A

vasoconstricts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

_____ is an enzyme contained by the kidneys and degrades the catecholamines.

A

Renalase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What happens to the urine output when Anuria occurs?

A

urine output would be severely less than normal

< 50ml/day

17
Q

3 major segments where most of the renal vascular resistance resides:

A

Interlobular artery
Efferent arteriole
Afferent arteriole

18
Q

A long peritubular capillary extending into the inner medullary zone is a characteristic of _____

A

juxtaglomerular nephrons

19
Q

The ____ is a component of the glomerular filtration barrier that is considered as the “charge-selective filter”

A

glomerular basement membrane

20
Q

what is expected to happen if there is lesser amount of NaCl reaching the macula densa?

A

afferent arteriole dilatation

21
Q

It is the portion of the plasma that was filtered wherein 20% enters the glomerulus and 80% return to the circulation

A

Filtration Fraction

22
Q

The ___ cells are contained within the collecting duct

A

intercalated cells

23
Q

A substance that is found in the blood and filtrate but not in the urine, physiologically

A

Glucose

24
Q

A condition that will most likely result to a decrease in GFR

A

dehydration

25
Q

What are the effector cells in the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism?

A

JG cells

26
Q

What cells are involved in fluid filtration?

A

Podocytes

27
Q

A substance with an excretion rate more than the filtration rate means that it is _____

A

freely filtered, not reabsorbed but secreted

28
Q

What is the approximate filtration fraction of a substance if the GFR = 160ml/min and RPF (renal plasma flow) = 800ml/min?

A

20%

29
Q

Autoregulation of RBF primarily affects which part of the renal circulation?

A

Afferent arteriole

30
Q

If a drug that was given blocked the effect of angiotensin II, all of the following will be expected to happen:

A

decrease on glomerular hydrostatic pressure
efferent arterioles remain unchanged
decrease on GFR`

31
Q

The ____ cells are not involved in the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism for regulation of GFR

A

mesangial cells

32
Q

an unknown substance was given to a subject with a molecular redius of 27A and a molecular weight of 3,000. What will happen to the substance?

A

It will never be filtered.

33
Q

After the release of a potent vasoconstrictor hormone following hypovolemia, effect on the kidneys will be?

A

decrease in RBF

34
Q

The ____ is shared by the cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons

A

Contains peritubular capillaries

35
Q

What is the approximate filtration fraction if RPF = 600ml/min and GFR = 75ml/min?

A

12% (FR = GFR/RPF)

PHYSIOLOGY (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions