28: The Piel: Strong Roots Flashcards
Mention the Overview of Hebrew Stems
What happens when a verb moves from the Qal to the Piel?
Its change can be:
- Augmental
- Causative
- Deponency
What is the Augmental change?
- “augmental” is not a real word
- The general idea is that with the Piel of an action verb, one needs to add an English adverb to the Qal meaning.
- שָׁלַח means “he sent” in the Qal, while שִׁלֵּח means “he sent away” in the Piel.
- The lexicon will guide you as to what English adverb is to be added (these must be learned);
What is the Causative change?
- If in the Qal a verb is stative in meaning, in the Piel is describing that state of being to occur on someone else.
- גָדַל means “he was great” in the Qal, while גִדֵּל means “he caused X to be great” in the Piel.
- there is overlap between this one and the Hiphil, and all we can do is describe what is in the language.
What is the Deponency change?
- These verbs are, we might say, Piel in form, but Qal in meaning.
- בִקֵּש means “he sought.”
- number of these verbs are denominative, which means they are derived from a noun or adjective.
- דָּבָר means “word,” while דִּבֵּר means “he spoke.”
How can I distinguish between the Augmental, Causative and Deponency categories?
- Is there a Qal meaning?
- No
- It is Deponency
- Yes
- Action Verb
- Augmental
- Stative Verb
- Causative
- Action Verb
- No
What is the piel pattern?
- The piel is the second of the seven major verb patterns you will learn.
- The qal makes up 69% of all verbs in the Hebrew Bible; the piel, 9%.
What happens if you change the verb pattern?
You change the voice of the verb
What are some verbs that occur mainly on the piel without a corresponding qal?
What is the primary characteristic of the piel?
- the strong dagesh in the middle root consonant.
What is the Perfect form of the piel?
- strong dagesh in every second root letter
- chireq under the first root letter
What is the Imperfect form of the piel?
- prefix vowel is vocal sheva
- patach under the first root letter
- strong dagesh under the second root letter
- tsere in place of the cholem
What is the Imperative form of the piel?
- patach
- strong dagesh
What is the Infinitive form of the piel?
- patach
- strong dagesh
What is the Participle form of the piel?
- new prefix: מ, with vocal sheva
- patach under the first root letter
- strong dagesh under the second
What is the Cohortative form of the piel?
- adding qamets hey unto the end
What is the Jussive form of the piel?
- vocal sheva
- patach
- strong dagesh
