24: The Verb: Qal Volitives

Question 1

What are volitives?

Answer 1

Verb forms that are used to express the will of the speaker.

Question 2

What are the three kinds of volitives in Hebrew?

Answer 2

1. Cohortative: volitive of the first person, for example, “Let me listen!”
2. Imperative: volitive of the second person, for example, “Listen!”
3. Jussive: volitive of the third person, for example, “Let him listen!”

Question 3

What is the characteristic of the Cohortative form?

Answer 3

The cohortative is the first person impf, to which ה ָ is added. This ה ָ is not to be confused with ה ָ the fs marker.

Question 4

What is the form of the Cohortative Qal Strong Verb?

Answer 4

• 1cs (“let me…”) and 1cp (“let us…”)
• Since the medium cholem ( ֹ ) ends up in an open pretonic syllable, cholem reduces to sheva,

Question 5

What are the cohortative forms for Qal Weak Verbs?

Answer 5

Question 6

What is the cohortative form for Qal Weak Verb: III Hey?

Answer 6

Question 7

What is the characteristic of the Imperative form?

Answer 7

• The imperative, like the inf const, is related to the imperfect. Basically, the impv is the second person impf without the prefix.

Question 8

What is the Imperative form for Qal Strong Verbs?

Answer 8

Question 9

What happens if the impf has a patach as the theme vowel?

Answer 9

• then so does the impv (imperative)

Question 10

What are the Imperative forms for Qal Weak Verbs: I Guttural?

Answer 10

Question 11

What are the Imperative forms for Qal Weak Verbs: I Nun?

Answer 11

• Nun comes back

Question 12

What are the Imperative forms for Qal Weak Verbs: I Yod (Vav)?

Answer 12

Question 13

What are the Imperative forms for Qal Weak Verbs: III Hey?

Answer 13

Question 14

What is the Jussive form for Qal Strong Verbs?

Answer 14

In the strong verb, the jus and the impf are identical in form. Context determines whether a jus or an impf translation is required.

Question 15

What is the Jussive form for Qal Weak Verbs?

Answer 15

• In most weak verbs, the jus and the impf are identical in form. One exception is III Hey verbs. In III Hey verbs, the jus is a shortened form of the impf.
• Hey drops off

Question 16

Recite the Qal Volitives

Answer 16

Question 17

How are the Cohortative and Jussive negated?

Answer 17

• They are negated with אַל (“not”)

Question 18

What is “ a jussive of the second person”?

Answer 18

• The Imperative is never negated.
• To express a negative command in the second person, a “jussive of the second person” is used.
• The form is that of a jussive, being short, but used in the second person.

Question 19

What is another use of the volitives?

Answer 19

• to express the “indirect” will of the speaker.
• An indirect volitive will most often be translated as a purpose clause in English, “so that. . . .”

Question 20

How can you recognize an indirect volitive?

Answer 20

• Whenever there is a sequence of volitive + וְ + volitive, the second volitive is usually “indirect,” unless the volitives are the same person.

Question 21

בּוֹא

(Qal inf. construct)

Answer 21

to go in, to enter

Question 22

בּוֹשׁ

(qal inf. const)

Answer 22

to be ashamed

Question 23

בִּין

(qal inf. construct)

Answer 23

to understand

Question 24

מוּת

(qal inf. const)

Answer 24

to die

Question 25

סוּר

(qal inf. const)

Answer 25

to turn aside

Question 26

קוּם

(qal inf. const.)

Answer 26

to arise, to stand

Question 27

רוּם

(qal inf. const.)

Answer 27

to be high, to be exalted

Question 28

רוּץ

(qal inf. const.)

Answer 28

to run

Question 29

שִׂים

(qal inf. const.)

Answer 29

to put, to place

Question 30

שׁוּב

(qal inf. const.)

Answer 30

to turn, to return, to repent