2.6 The Heart

Question 1

Label in your head, the aorta, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, AV valve, SL valve, atrium, ventricles, vena cava and thick muscular wall?

Answer 1

Good, yes sir

Question 2

Where are the AV valves?

Answer 2

Between the atrium and ventricles

Question 3

Where are the SL valves?

Answer 3

The Aorta and pulmonary artery

Question 4

Why does SL and AV valves close?

Answer 4

Blood comes from vena cava, through ventricles, go through the SL valve and the AV valve closes to stop vena cava from filling ventricles with blood

Question 5

What’s cardiac output?

Answer 5

Volume of blood pumped between each ventricle per minute

Question 6

What formula might calculate Heart rate or stroke volume and the units?

Answer 6

Co
Hr I SV

Co- L
Sv- ml -> L
HR- bpm

Question 7

What’s systole and diastole?

Answer 7

Systole is the contraction (squeeze in) of the cardiac muscles

Diastole is the relaxation (rest) of the cardiac muscles

Question 8

How long does one complete heart beat take?

Answer 8

0.8 seconds

Question 9

What’s the cardiac cycle main phases?

Answer 9

Atrial systole (blood goes through SL valves (already been through AV valves)
Ventricular systole (goes out from heart)
Diastole (blood comes back to heart)

Question 10

What measures blood and the unit?

Answer 10

A sphygmomanometer and unit is mmHg

Question 11

How does blood pressure machine work?

Answer 11

Inflated a ring which then listens to your systolic pressure (pulse is detected), if not read it’s because there is blood travelling in artery at diastolic pressure

Question 12

What’s an average blood pressure and a high blood pressure?

Answer 12

Average- 120/80mmHg

High- 140/90mmHg

Question 13

What valve is open and closed during ventricular systole?

Answer 13

Ventricular systole, the AV valve closed and SL valve opens

Question 14

What valve is open and closed during diastole?

Answer 14

During diastole, the AV valve is open and the SL valve is closed

Question 15

How does the heart contract and when does it know to contract?

Answer 15

The electrical nerve fibres tell the heart muscles to contract. AV node picks up signal from SA node and sends electrical signal down ventricle walls

Question 16

For the heart to contract, what’s the 3 main electrical Berger fibres?

Answer 16

Sino-Atrial node (SAN)
Atrio-ventricular nose (AVN)
Fibres in ventricle walls

Question 17

Where is are SAN/ pacemakers?

Answer 17

On the wall of the atrium, Sat near the vena cava and is coordinated with the heart beat

Question 18

How is the heart rated regulated?

Answer 18

By the medulla in the brain which sends electrical impulses to the SAN (remember the SA sends it to the VN which then goes to ventricle walls)

Question 19

How does ECG work?

Answer 19

The heart generates currents which can be picked up by an ECG machine

Question 20

What causes the lub dub sounds?

Answer 20

The closing of the AV and SL cables

Question 21

How do you calculate cardiac cycle?

Answer 21

60/HR

Question 22

What stage does the SL valves open?

Answer 22

ventricular systole

Question 23

Label where the SA and AV nodes are

Answer 23

Yes babes

Question 24

When going from artery to capillary, how might blood flow decrease?

Answer 24

Vasoconstriction

Question 25

What molecule is present in plasma but absent in tissue fluid?

Answer 25

Proteins

Question 26

What does lymph vessel do?

Answer 26

Absorbs tissue fluid

Question 27

When trying to get blood flow from wrist, why can’t pulse be detected?

Answer 27

Because it prevents blood flow