2.5 Fatty Acid Oxidation & Ketogenesis

Question 0

Fatty Oxidation is favored by what type of insulin/glucagon ratio?

Answer 0

Favored by a low Insulin/Glucagon ratio

Question 1

Why is lipid an effective energy storage molecule

Answer 1

Yield of Acetyl CoA, NADH and FADH2 are much larger than what glucose can yield

Question 2

What hormones activate TAG degradation by lipase?

Answer 2

Glucagon and Epinephrine

Question 3

What enzyme adds a CoA on to a FFA after the FA has diffused across the cell?

Answer 3

Fatty Acid-CoA Synthetase

Question 4

What does CPT1 do?

Answer 4

It catalyzes the reaction of FA-CoA to Acyl-carnitine so that the FA can get through the mitochondrial membrane

Question 5

How does Acyl-Carnitine diffuse across the mitochondrial membrane?

Answer 5

Through CAT, an antiporter that transports Carnitine back and Acyl-Carnitine in

Question 6

What does CPT2 do?

Answer 6

It reconverts Acyl-Carnitine back to FA-CoA within the mitochondrial matrix

Question 7

What inhibits CPT1?

Answer 7

Malonyl CoA. A substrate for Fat synthesis

Question 8

Where is B oxidation found?

Answer 8

In the mitochondrial cells of the liver

Question 9

How does insulin, glucagon and energy levels regulate B oxidation?

Answer 9

INCREASE IN ACTIVITY
Low insulin
High Glucagon
Low Energy levels

Question 10

What are the four reactions found in B oxidation

Answer 10

Oxidation –> Hydration –> Oxidation –> Thiolysis

Question 11

What is the first step in B oxidation and what is released during this reaction?

Answer 11

Oxidation –> FADH2

Question 12

What is the third step of B oxidation and what is released?

Answer 12

Oxidation –> NADH

Question 13

What is the last step of b oxidation?

Answer 13

Thiolysis –> Addition of CoA

Question 14

One pass of Beta Oxidation yields?

Answer 14

1 Acetyl CoA, 1 NADH and 1FADH2

Question 15

What is the role of peroxisomes in B oxidation

Answer 15

It degrades Very long chain fatty acids

Question 16

How is B oxidation different in Peroxisomes than in B oxidation

Answer 16

No NADH or FADH2

Question 17

What are the final products of B oxidation in the Peroxisome

Answer 17

Octanoyl CoA and Acetyl CoA

Question 18

During odd-numbered B oxidation, what is the fragment remaining that needs to be degraded?

Answer 18

Propionyl-CoA, A 3 carbon fragment

Question 19

What is the intermediate during odd numbered B oxidation of FA

Answer 19

Methylmalonyl CoA

Propionyl-CoA –> Methylmalony COA –> Succinyl CoA

Question 20

What enzyme converts Propionyl-CoA to Methylmalonyl CoA in odd numbered B Oxidation

Answer 20

Propionyl CoA Carboxylase

Question 21

What enzyme catalyzes reaction of Methylmalony CoA to Succinyl CoA

Answer 21

Methylmalonyl CoA Mutase

Question 22

When does the FA miss the first reaction of B Oxidation and doesn’t produce FADH2

Answer 22

Unsaturated FA