Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Metabolism > 1.9 Citric Acid Cycle > Flashcards

1.9 Citric Acid Cycle Flashcards

0
Q

What is an anaplerotic reaction

A

when intermediates of the citric acid cycle need to be replenished if they are diminished

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

When is Pyruvate Dehydrogenase ACTIVE?

A

When it is dephosphorylated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What four molecules speed up the reaction of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase

A

AMP, CoA, NAD+ and Ca2+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How does pyruvate get into mitochondria?

A

It diffuses through the outer membrane through Porins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does pyruvate enter the matrix of mitochondria

A

Pyruvate translocase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where is pyruvate translocase located and what is its function?

A

It is embedded in the inner membrane of mitochondria

It transports pyruvate into the matrix of mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the link between glycolysis and citric acid cycle

A

Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA (pyruvate dehydrogenase complex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the products of the pyruvate to Acetyl CoA reaction?

A

Acetyl CoA
CO2
NADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Is the pyruvate to Acetyl CoA reaction reversible?

A

No, the high negative delta G makes the reaction hard to reverse. It is practically irreversible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How many enzymes are involved in the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase complex? What are they?

A
  1. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
  2. Dihydrolipoyl Transacetylase
  3. Dihydrolipoyl Dehydrogenase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the 5 coenzymes of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

A
  1. Thiamine
  2. Riboflavin
  3. Niacin
  4. Pentothanate
  5. Lipoate (Lipoic Acid)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the 4 vitamin precursors of the 5 coenzymes of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

A
  1. B1 (Thiamine)
  2. B2 (Riboflavin)
  3. B3 (Niacin)
  4. B5 (Pentothenate)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Acetyl group is activated by formation of what?

A

high energy thioester bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where does the citric acid cycle take place?

A

Mitochondrial matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How many CO2 are released during one turn of the citric acid cycle

A

2 CO2 are released during the citric acid cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How many redox reactions are found in the citric acid cycle

A

4

16
Q

How many NADH and FADH2 are released in the Citric Acid cycle

A

3 NADH and 1 FADH2

17
Q

How many high energy phosphate bonds are made during citric acid cycle

A

1 GTP (can be turned into ATP)

18
Q

For one molecule of Glucose, how many CO2 are produced through glycolysis through citric acid cycle

A

6 –>
2, 1 per pyruvate in pyruvate to acetyl CoA
4, 2 per pyruvate in citric acid cycle

19
Q

How many NAD+ molecule are reduced to NADH for one glucose throughout citric acid cycle

A

10
2, Glycolysis
2, 1 per pyruvate in pyruvate to acetyl CoA
6, 3 per pyruvate in citric acid cycle

20
Q

Theoretically, how many ATP are possible through oxidation of one glucose molecule

A

32

21
Q

What four reactions control the Citric Acid cycle

A
  1. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase complex
  2. Citrate Synthase
  3. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase
  4. alpha-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase
22
Q

What four things slow down the conversion of acetyl CoA to Citrate through Citrate Synthase

A
  1. ATP
  2. Acetyl CoA
  3. NADH
  4. Succinyl CoA
23
Q

What two things Slow Down the Isocitrate Dehydrogenase reaction

A
  1. ATP

2. NADH

24
Q

What speeds up the isocitrate dehydrogenase reaction?

A

ADP

25
Q

What four things slow down alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase reaction

A
  1. ATP
  2. GTP
  3. NADH
  4. Succinyl CoA
26
Q

What three steps of the Citric Acid Cycle are regulatory and considered Strongly Exergonic steps

A
  1. Citrate Synthase
  2. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase
  3. Alpha-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase
27
Q

What two main molecules inhibit the regulatory steps of citric acid cycle

A

ATP and NADH

28
Q

What five things allosterically inhibit pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction

A
  1. ATP
  2. NADH
  3. GTP
  4. Acetyl CoA
  5. Long chain fatty acids
29
Q

Which four things activate pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction

A
  1. AMP
  2. CoA
  3. NAD+
  4. Ca2+
30
Q

What regulation is faster in regard to the citric acid cycle and pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction, Allosteric or Covalent

A

Allosteric

31
Q

Other than ATP and NADH, what regulates Glycolysis and Citric Acid Cycle

A

The concentration of Citrate regulates PFK1

Metabolism (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions