Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Metabolism > 2.3 Digestion of Lipids > Flashcards

2.3 Digestion of Lipids Flashcards

0
Q

Fat digestion occurs where?

A

Small Intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Know the five roles lipids play in our diet

A

Energy Source
Increase Texture and palatability of foods
Solubilization and dispersion of flavors
Slow gastric emptying
Essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

90% of dietary lipids are what in what form?

A

Triacylglycerols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What enzyme is found in the mouth that begins emulsification with dietary phospholipids but is not very significant..

A

Lingual Lipase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What lipid enzyme is found in the stomach?

A

Gastric Lipase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What enzyme is used for only short and medium chain FA

A

Gastric Lipase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the optimal pH for gastric lipase

A

pH 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why is the optimal pH significant for gastric lipase?

A

Only babies have pH 7 in their stomachs. Therefore, gastric lipase is active in these individuals rather than adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Bile acids are derivatives of what other molecule?

A

Cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name the three specific bile acids that are cholesterol derivatives

A 
Cholic Acid (Add H+)
Glycocholic Acid (add Glycine)
Taurocholic Acid (add Taurine)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where is Bile synthesized and stored?

A

Synthesized in the liver

Stored in the Gallbladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What must happen to lipids before they can be digested by intestinal enzymes

A

They must be emulsified

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the enterohepatic cycle?

A

Most bile salts are reabsorbed in small intestine and returned to liver via the portal vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is Cholecystokinin released from and is released in response to what?

A

Released from jejunum in response to chyme in the duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cholecystokinin stimulates what three things?

A

Stimulates gall bladder to release bile into small intestine
Stimulates pancreas to release digestive enzymes
Stimulates stomach to slow down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where is secretin released and in response to what stimulation?

A

Released in duodenum in response to low pH of the chyme entering the intestine

16
Q

What is the function of Secretin

A

To tell pancreas to release a bicarbonate solution to increase pH and neutralize the pH of chyme so that it is not so acidic

17
Q

Name the three pancreatic digestive enzymes

A

Pancreatic Lipase
Cholesteryl Esterase
Phospholipase A2

18
Q

Function of Pancreatic Lipase

A

Converts TAGS into 2 monoacylglycerol and FFA

19
Q

Can we absorb monoacylglycerols?

A

Yes but not Triacylglycerols. THey must be broken down first by pancreatic lipase

20
Q

Function of Colipase

A

To help stabalize interface between water and fat for pancreatic lipase to function

21
Q

Function of Cholesteryl Esterase

A

Degrade cholesterol esters to FFA and Cholesterol

22
Q

Is cholesterol an essential nutrient?

A

No, cholesterol is synthesized in the liver in large quantities

23
Q

Function of Phospholipase A2

A

Part of the process to remove the 2 FA from phospholipids

24
Q

What activates phospholipase A2?

A

Trypsin

25
Q

What is the inactivated form of colipase

A

Procolipase

26
Q

What activates Procolipase

A

Trypsin

27
Q

What are the two products when Procolipase is activated?

A

Colipase and Enterostatin

28
Q

Function of Enterostatin?

A

Cleaved from procolipase it ahas an activity as a satiety signal.

29
Q

Phospholipiase A2 removes a fatty acid from what carbon first? This leaves what product?

A

C2 (middle carbon)

Product is lysophospholipid

30
Q

What enzyme removes the remaining FA at C1 on Lysophospholipid?

A

Lysophospholipase

31
Q

What is the final product after Phospholipase A2 and Lysophospholipase have cleaved the two FA from C2 and C1 respectively?

A

Glycerylphosphorylbase

32
Q

Role of FABP2/I-FABP

A

To sequester and bind FFA within the intestinal cell

33
Q

What enzyme repackages Cholesterol Esters and Triacylglycerols within the intestinal cell?

A

Acyltransferase

34
Q

Role of Fatty Acyl CoA Synthetase?

A

TO add a CoA to a Free Fatty acid within the intestinal cell to trap it in the cell.
Fatty Acyl CoA are the substrates for repacking cholesteryl ester and TAGs

35
Q

T or F, Short and Medium chain FA do not require micelles for absorption. They travel to the liver via portal blood attached to albumin.

A

True

36
Q

What are the three primary breakdown products of lipid digestion?

A

FFA
Cholesterol
Monoacylglycerol

Metabolism (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions