2.16 Transcription

Question 0

What is the Cap Sequence

Answer 0

WHere transcription is initiated

Question 1

What is the Promoter?

Answer 1

Responsible for Binding RNA Polymerase II

Question 2

What is the actual nucleotide sequence of the Cap Sequence?

Answer 2

ACATTTG

Question 3

What is the ATG codon responsible for ?

Answer 3

Codon responsible for initiation

Question 4

What is the TAA codon responsible for?

Answer 4

Termination codon

Question 5

Where are CAAT and TATA boxes found and what is their role?

Answer 5

Found in the promoter sequence and function to attract polymerase and begin transcription

Question 6

What are C/EBPs?

Answer 6

transcription factors that recruit other transcription factors and open chromatin

Question 7

How does the enhancer function?

Answer 7

It can physically interact with the promoter via transcription factor interactions to modulate gene expressions

Question 8

What are the three steps of Transcription

Answer 8

Initiation
Elongation
Termination

Question 9

What occurs during the initiation phase?

Answer 9

RNA Polymerase II binds to promoter

This requires Transcription factors

Question 10

What occurs during the Elongation phase

Answer 10

Synthesized 5’ –> 3’
Antiparallel to DNA sequence
T’s are replaced with U’s

Question 11

What is released during elongation each time a NT is added

Answer 11

Pyrophosphates

Question 12

What occurs during Termination phase

Answer 12

5’ cap is applied which is methylated guanosine

3’ end receives a poly A tail

Question 13

What are the two post-transcriptional modifications that concern the cap and tail?

Answer 13

5’ cap of methylated guanosine is installed in 5’ to 5’ polarity bound by three phosphates
3’ terminus is modified by having roughly 200 A residues added. This gets shorter as mRNA ages

Question 14

What is the function of the spliceosome

Answer 14

Removal of introns via SnRNA