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Metabolism > 1.13 ECM I - GAG's and Proteoglycans > Flashcards

1.13 ECM I - GAG's and Proteoglycans Flashcards

0
Q

The ECM is composed of what three things?

A

Water
Proteins
Polysaccharides

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1
Q

What is the Extracellular Matrix?

A

Non Cellular component within all tissues and organs.

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2
Q

What is major component of ECM

A

Water

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3
Q

What are the three classes of molecules found in the Extracellular Matrix

A

Glycoproteins
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)
Proteoglycans

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4
Q

What is the ground substance?

A

The space between the cells and fibers

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5
Q

What is a Glycosaminoglycan (GAG)?

A

unbranched repeating disaccharides containing an amino sugar

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6
Q

List the four classes of glycoaminoglycans

A

Hyaluronan
Keratan Sulfate
Chondroiton Sulfate
Heparan Sulfate

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7
Q

Which of the GAGs does not carry a Sulfate

A

Hyaluronan

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8
Q

What causes GAGs to bring water into the matrix?

A

High density negative charges attract sodium and bring water into matrix

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9
Q

What is the chief function of GAGs

A

To maintain proper homeostatic environment for cells and fibrous elements

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10
Q

What is a Proteoglycan?

A

One or more GAGs are COVALENTLY joined to a membrane or secreted protein

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11
Q

T or F, Hyaluronic Acid does not form Proteoglycans?

A

True

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12
Q

What are the three classes of Proteoglycans?

A

Small Leucine-Rich Proteoglycans (SLRPs)
Modular Proteoglycans
Cell Surface Proteoglycans

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13
Q

What is the major structural proteoglycan found in cartliage?

A

Aggrecan

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14
Q

T or F, Proteoglycans directly bind to hyaluronan forming giant proteoglycan aggregates

A

False, They INDIRECTLY bind to Hyaluronan through linker proteins

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15
Q

What is a function of Syndecan-1, a proteoglycan?

A

Binds Chemokines which play a role in inflammation

16
Q

GAGs are covalently linked to the protein core in Proteoglycans. Explain this linkage further

A

The GAGs are attached via a Serine residue in the core protein.

17
Q

Compare Normal PG catabolism and Abnormal PG catabolism

A

Normal: Bone replacing cartilage during development
Abnormal: Tumor invasions, arthritis

18
Q

How are Proteoglycans mostly degraded?

A

Through lysosomes

19
Q

What happens when GAGs can’t be broken down?

A

It is a lysosomal storage disease

20
Q

What two GAGs do not accumulate due to the lysosomal storage deficiency?

A

Hyaluronate and Chondroiton sulfate because they can be catabolized through other pathways

Metabolism (31 decks)

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