2.1.4: Enzymes Flashcards
What is a substrate?
A substance on which an enzyme acts
Substrates are the reactants that enzymes work on during a biochemical reaction.
What is the active site of an enzyme?
The specific region where substrate molecules bind
The active site is crucial for the enzyme’s catalytic activity.
What is produced when an enzyme-substrate complex forms?
Products
The enzyme facilitates the conversion of substrates into products.
What is the enzyme-substrate complex?
The temporary complex formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate
This complex is essential for the enzyme’s function.
What does the Induced Fit Hypothesis describe?
The enzyme changes shape to fit the substrate
This concept illustrates how enzymes can adapt to better bind with substrates.
What is activation energy?
The minimum energy required for a reaction to occur
Enzymes lower activation energy to speed up reactions.
Fill in the blank: The enzyme + substrate forms an _______ complex.
enzyme-substrate
Fill in the blank: The _______ complex is formed after products are generated.
enzyme-product
What happens to the enzyme after the products leave the active site?
It returns to its original shape
This allows the enzyme to catalyze another reaction.
Name one factor that affects enzyme activity.
Temperature
Other factors include pH, enzyme concentration, and substrate concentration.
True or False: Enzymes are sensitive to changes in pH.
True
pH can significantly affect enzyme activity and stability.
What type of proteins are enzymes classified as?
Globular proteins
Their structure is key to their function in biological reactions.
List two conditions that can affect the rate of enzyme-controlled reactions.
- pH
- Substrate concentration
These factors can enhance or inhibit enzyme activity.
