2.1.1: Ultrastructure Of Cells Flashcards
What is the structure of the cytoskeleton?
A network of fibres found within the cytoplasm, consisting of microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate fibres.
What is the main function of the cytoskeleton?
Provides mechanical strength to cells and helps maintain the shape and stability of a cell.
What are microfilaments responsible for?
Cell movement.
What do microtubules create?
A scaffold-like structure.
What is the role of intermediate fibres in cells?
Provide mechanical strength.
What is the structure of ribosomes?
Small granules made of protein and rRNA, consisting of a small and large subunit (80S in size in eukaryotes).
What is the function of ribosomes?
The site of translation in protein synthesis.
What is the structure of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?
Sheets of membranes linked to the nucleus, forming a network of cisternae with ribosomes on the outer surface.
What is the function of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?
Site of protein synthesis and glycoprotein synthesis.
What does smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) create, store, and transport?
Lipids and carbohydrates.
What is the structure of chloroplasts?
Surrounded by a double membrane, containing thylakoids and a fluid centre called stroma.
What is the function of chloroplasts?
The site of photosynthesis.
What is found within the stroma of chloroplasts?
Enzymes for the light-independent stage of photosynthesis.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is responsible for the site of photosynthesis.
Chloroplast
True or False: Ribosomes are involved in lipid synthesis.
False
