2.1.2: Disaccharides

Question 1

What is a hexose sugar?

Answer 1

A sugar containing 6 carbon atoms (e.g. glucose)

Hexose sugars are important energy sources in biological systems.

Question 2

What is a pentose sugar?

Answer 2

A sugar containing 5 carbon atoms (e.g. ribose)

Pentose sugars are essential for the structure of nucleotides.

Question 3

How is a disaccharide formed?

Answer 3

From two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic bond

Disaccharides are formed through a condensation reaction.

Question 4

What type of reaction forms a disaccharide?

Answer 4

Condensation reaction

This reaction involves the release of a water molecule.

Question 5

What are the three key disaccharides?

Answer 5

• Maltose
• Lactose
• Sucrose

Each disaccharide is composed of specific monosaccharides.

Question 6

What monosaccharides compose maltose?

Answer 6

Glucose + Glucose

Maltose is commonly found in malted foods and beverages.

Question 7

What monosaccharides compose lactose?

Answer 7

Glucose + Galactose

Lactose is the sugar found in milk.

Question 8

What monosaccharides compose sucrose?

Answer 8

Glucose + Fructose

Sucrose is common table sugar and is widely used as a sweetener.

Question 9

What is a glycosidic bond?

Answer 9

A bond formed between monosaccharides in a disaccharide

Glycosidic bonds are crucial for the formation of carbohydrates.