20: Africa and the Africans in the Age of the Atlantic Slave Trade

Question 1

factories

Answer 1

European trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants; utilized throughout Portuguese trading empire to assure secure landing places and commerce.

Question 2

El Mina

Answer 2

Most important of early Portuguese trading factories in forest zone of Africa.

Question 3

Mvemba, Nzinga

Answer 3

King of Kongo south of Zaire River from 1507 to 1542; converted to Christianity and took title Alfonso I; under Portuguese influence attempted to Christianize all of kingdom.

Question 4

Luada

Answer 4

Portuguese factory established in 1520s south of Kongo ; became basis for Portuguese colony south of Angola.

Question 5

Royal African Company

Answer 5

Chartered in 1660s to establish a monopoly over slave trade among British merchants; supplied African slaves to colonies in Barbados, Jamaica, and Virginia.

Question 6

Indies piece

Answer 6

Term used within the complex exchange system established by the Spanish for African trade; referred to the value of an adult male slave.

Question 7

triangular trade

Answer 7

Commerce linking Africa, the New World colonies, and Europe; slaves carried to America for sugar and tobacco transported to Europe.

Question 8

Asante Empire

Answer 8

Established in Gold Coast among Akan people settled around Kumasi; dominated by Oyoko clan; many clans linked under Osei Tutu after 1650.

Question 9

Tutu, Osei

Answer 9

Member of Oyoko clan of Akan peoples in Gold Coast region of Africa; responsible for creating unified Asante Empire in 1701; utilized Western firearms.

Question 10

asantehene

Answer 10

Title taken by ruler of Asante Empire; supreme civil and religious leader; authority symbolized by golden stool.

Question 11

Dahomey

Answer 11

Kingdom developed among Fon or Aja peoples in 17th century; center at Abomey 70 miles from coast; under King Agaja expanded to control coastline and port of Whydah by 1727; accepted Western firearms and goods in return for African slaves.

Question 12

Luo

Answer 12

Nilotic people who migrated from upper Nile valley; established dynasty among existing Bantu population in lake region of central eastern Africa; center at Bunyoro.

Question 13

Fulani

Answer 13

Pastoral people of western Sudan; adopted purifying Sufi variant of Islam; under Usuman Dan Fodio in 1804, launched revolt against Hausa kingdoms; established state cantered on Sokoto.

Question 14

Great Trek

Answer 14

Movement of Boer settlers in Cape Colony of southern Africa to escape influence of British colonial government in 1834; led to settlement of regions north of Orange River and Natal.

Question 15

mfecane

Answer 15

Wars of 19th century in southern Africa; created by Zulu expansion under Shaka; revolutionized political organization of southern Africa.

Question 16

Swazi

Answer 16

New African state formed on model of Zulu chiefdom; survived mfecane.

Question 17

Lesotho

Answer 17

Southern African state that survived mfecane; not based on Zulu model; less emphasis on military organization, less authoritarian government.

Question 18

Middle Passage

Answer 18

Slave voyage from Africa to the Americas; generally a traumatic experience for black slaves, although it failed to strip Africans of their culture.

Question 19

saltwater slaves

Answer 19

Slaves transported form Africa; almost invariably black.

Question 20

Creole slaves

Answer 20

American-born descendants of saltwater slaves; result of sexual exploitation of slave women or result of miscegenation.

Question 21

obeah

Answer 21

African religious ideas and practices in the English and French Caribbean islands.

Question 22

candomble

Answer 22

African religious ideas and practices in Brazil, particularly among the Yoruba people.

Question 23

vodun

Answer 23

African religious ideas and practices among descendants of African slaves in Haiti.

Question 24

Palmares

Answer 24

Kingdom of run-away slaves with a population of 8000 to10,000 people; located in Brazil during the 17th century; leadership was (??????)

Question 25

Suriname

Answer 25

Formerly a Dutch plantation colony on the coast of South America; location of runaway slave kingdom in 18th century; able to retain independence despite attempts to crush guerilla resistance.

Question 26

Wilberforce, William

Answer 26

British statesman and reformer; leader of abolitionist movement in English parliament that led to end of English slave trade in 1807.