16: The World Economy

Question 1

Cape of Good Hope

Answer 1

• Southern tip of Africa; first circumnavigated in 1488 by Portuguese in search of direct route to India.
• Southern tip of Africa.

Question 2

Columbus, Christopher

Answer 2

• Genoese captain in service of king and queen of Castile and Aragon; successfully sailed to New World and returned in 1492; initiated European discoveries in Americas.
• Initiated European discoveries in Americas.

Question 3

Magellan, Ferdinand

Answer 3

• Spanish captain who in 1519 initiated first circumnavigation of the globe; died during the voyage; allowed Spain to claim Philippines.
• 1st circumnavigation of globe.

Question 4

Dutch East India Company

Answer 4

• Joint stock company that obtained government monopoly over trade in Asia; acted as virtually independent government in regions it claimed.
• Obtained government monopoly over trade in Asia.

Question 5

British East India Company

Answer 5

• Joint stock company that obtained government monopoly over trade in Asia; acted as virtually independent government in regions it claimed.
• Obtained government monopoly over trade in Asia.

Question 6

Lepanto

Answer 6

• Naval battle between the Spanish and the Ottoman Empire resulting in a Spanish victory in 1571.
• Ended any chances of Muslim rivalry to European naval power.

Question 7

core nations

Answer 7

-Nations, usually European, that enjoyed profit from world economy; controlled international banking and commercial services such as shipping; exported manufactured goods for raw materials.

Question 8

mercantilism

Answer 8

-Economic theory that stressed governments’ promotion of limitation of imports from other nations and internal economics in order to improve tax revenues; popular during 17th and 18th centuries in Europe.

Question 9

Balboa, Vasco de

Answer 9

-First Spanish captain to begin settlement of the mainland of Mesoamerica in 1509; initial settlement eventually led to conquest of Aztec and Inca empires by other captains.

Question 10

Pizarro, Francisco

Answer 10

-Led conquest of Inca Empire of Peru beginning in 1535; by 1530, most of Inca possessions fell to the Spanish.

Question 11

New France

Answer 11

-French colonies in North America; extended from St. Lawrence River along Great Lakes and down Mississippi River valley system.

Question 12

Seven Years War

Answer 12

-Fought both in continental Europe and also in overseas colonies between 1756 and 1763; resulted in Prussian seizures of land from Austria, English seizures of colonies in India and North America.

Question 13

Treaty of Paris

Answer 13

-Arranged in 1763 following Seven Years War; granted New France to England in exchange for return of French sugar island in Caribbean.

Question 14

Cape Colony

Answer 14

-Dutch colony established at Cape of Good Hope in 1652 initially to provide a coastal station for the Dutch seaborne empire; by 1770 settlements had expanded sufficiently to come into conflict with Bantus.

Question 15

Boers

Answer 15

• Dutch settlers in Cape Colony, in Southern Africa.

- (SEE CAPE COLONY)

Question 16

Calcutta

Answer 16

-Headquarters of British East India Company in Bengal in Indian subcontinent; located on Ganges; captured in 1756 during early part of Seven Years War; later became administrative center for all of Bengal.