14: The Last Great Nomadic Challenges: From Chinggis Khan to Timur

Question 1

kurltai

Answer 1

• Meeting of all Mongol chieftains at which the supreme ruler of all tribes were selected.
• Supreme Mongol ruler selected.

Question 2

khagan

Answer 2

• Title of the supreme ruler of all the Mongol tribes.

- Supreme ruler of all the Mongol tribes.

Question 3

tumens

Answer 3

• Basic fighting units of Mongol forces; consisted of 10,000 cavalrymen divided into unites of 1000, 100, and 10.
• Fighting unit of militaristic Mongols.

Question 4

Karakorum

Answer 4

• Capital of the Mongol Empire under Chinggis Khan, 1162 to 1227.
• Mongol capital.

Question 5

Batu

Answer 5

• Ruler of Golden Horde; one of Chinggis Kan;s grandsons; responsible for invasion of Russia beginning in 1236.
• Responsible for invasion of Russia

Question 6

Ogedei

Answer 6

• Third son of Chinggis Khan; succeeded Chinggis Khan as khagan of the Mongols following his father’s death.
• Chinggis Khan’s successor.

Question 7

Golden Horde

Answer 7

• One of the 4 subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after Chinggis Khan’s death, originally ruled by his grandson Batu; territory covered much of what is today south central Russia
• Subdivision of Mongol empire.

Question 8

khanates

Answer 8

• Four regional Mongol kingdoms that arose following the death of Chinggis Khan.
• Divided Mongol empire.

Question 9

Battle of Kulikova

Answer 9

• Russia army victory over the forces of the Golden Horde, helped break Mongol forces over Russia.
• Helped break Mongol forces over Russia.

Question 10

Prester, John

Answer 10

• In legends popular from 12th century to 17th century, a mythical Christian monarch whose kingdom was cut off from Europe by Muslim conquests; Chinggis Khan was originally believed to be this mythical ruler.
• Slowed European realization of magnitude of Mongol’s attack.

Question 11

Baibars

Answer 11

• Commander of Mamluk forces at Ain Jalut in 1260;originally enslaved by Mongols and sold to Egyptians.
• Commander of Mamluk forces at Ain Jalut.

Question 12

Berke

Answer 12

• A ruler to the Golden Horde; converted to Islam; his threat to Hulegu combined with the growing power of Mamluks in Egypt forestalled further Mongol conquests in the Middle East.
• Forestalled further Mongol conquests in the Middle East.

Question 13

Kublai Khan

Answer 13

• Grandson of Chinggis Khan; commander of Mongol forces responsible for conquest of Chinal became khagan in 1260; established Sinicized Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1271.
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Question 14

Dadu

Answer 14

-Present-day Beijing; so-called when Kublai Khan ruled China.

Question 15

Chabi

Answer 15

• Influential wide of Kublai Khan; promoted interests if Buddhists in China; indicative of refusal of Mongol women to adopt restrictive social conventions of Chinese; died c. 1281.
• Refusal of Mongol women to adopt restrictive social conventions of Chinese.

Question 16

Romance of the West Chamber

Answer 16

• Chinese novel written during the Yuan period; indicative of the continued literacy of China during Mongol rule.
• Continued literacy of China during Mongol rule.

Question 17

White Lotus Society

Answer 17

• Secret religious society dedicated to overthrow of Yuan dynasty in China; typical of peasant resistance to Mongol rule.
• Weakened Mongol rule?

Question 18

Yuanzhang, Zhu

Answer 18

• The given name of the Hongqu emperor, the founder of the Ming dynasty.
• Founder of Ming.

Question 19

Ming dynasty

Answer 19

• Succeeded Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1268; lasted until 1644; initially mounted huge trade expeditions to southern Asia and elsewhere, but later concentrated efforts on internal development in China.
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Question 20

Timur i-Lang

Answer 20

• Also known as Tammerlane; leader of Turkic nomads; beginning in 1360s from base at Samarkand, launched series of attacks in Persia, the Fertile Crescent, India, and southern Russia; empire disintegrated after his death in 1405.
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