[16] Animal Models in Biomedical Research Flashcards

1
Q

What is the topic of the “Animal Models in Biomedical Research” deck?

A
  • Use of mice and other animals in research
  • Animal breeding
  • Handling of research animals
  • Ethical considerations
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2
Q

What are ‘Animal Models’ in Biomedical Research?

A

Animals used to study disease processes and test therapeutic strategies

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3
Q

Why are mice commonly used in Biomedical Research?

A
  • Genetic similarities to humans
  • Easy to breed and handle
  • Short lifespan allows for study of many generations
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4
Q

List some other animals commonly used in Biomedical Research

A
  • Rats
  • Mice
  • Zebrafish
  • Fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster)
  • Pigs
  • Non-human primates
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5
Q

Define ‘Animal Breeding’ in the context of Biomedical Research

A

The controlled mating of animals to produce offspring with desirable characteristics for research

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6
Q

What are some ‘Ethical Considerations’ in Animal Research?

A
  • Minimizing animal suffering
  • Using the minimum number of animals necessary
  • Replacing animals with other methods when possible
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7
Q

Define ‘In Vivo’

A

Experiments done in a living organism

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8
Q

Define ‘In Vitro’

A

Experiments done outside a living organism, typically in a lab

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9
Q

What is the ‘3Rs Principle’ in Animal Research?

A
  • Replacement
  • Reduction
  • Refinement
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10
Q

Define ‘Replacement’ in the context of the ‘3Rs Principle’

A

Using non-animal methods whenever possible

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11
Q

Define ‘Reduction’ in the context of the ‘3Rs Principle’

A

Using the minimum number of animals necessary to achieve results

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12
Q

Define ‘Refinement’ in the context of the ‘3Rs Principle’

A

Altering experimental procedures to minimize animal suffering

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13
Q

What is the ‘Animal Welfare Act’?

A

The U.S. law that regulates the treatment of animals in research

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14
Q

What does the ‘Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee’ (IACUC) do?

A

It oversees and evaluates animal care and use in research

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15
Q

Define ‘IACUC’

A

Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee

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16
Q

Why are ‘Genetically Modified Mice’ used in research?

A

They can mimic human diseases, enabling the study of disease processes and potential treatments

17
Q

What are some examples of how animals contribute to ‘Biomedical Research’?

A
  • Studying disease processes
  • Drug testing
  • Development of surgical procedures
18
Q

What does ‘Transgenic’ mean?

A

An organism that has had genes from another organism inserted into its DNA

19
Q

Define ‘Knockout Mice’

A

Mice that have had specific genes inactivated or “knocked out”

20
Q

What are ‘Phenotypic Traits’?

A

Observable characteristics of an organism resulting from the interaction of its genetic makeup with the environment