[09] Immunology Flashcards
What will be covered in the “Immunology” deck?
- Immune response in a biomedical context
- Innate and adaptive immunity
- Immune cells
- Immune diseases
Define ‘Immune Response’
The body’s defense mechanism against harmful substances
What are the two types of ‘Immunity’?
- Innate immunity
- Adaptive immunity
Define ‘Innate Immunity’
The immunity that an organism is born with
Define ‘Adaptive Immunity’
The immunity that an organism develops throughout life
What’s the difference between ‘Innate’ and ‘Adaptive’ immunity?
Innate immunity is non-specific and present at birth, while adaptive immunity is specific and developed over time
List some types of ‘Immune Cells’
- T cells
- B cells
- Natural killer cells
- Macrophages
- Dendritic cells
Define ‘T cells’
A type of white blood cell that is crucial in immune response
Define ‘B cells’
A type of white blood cell that produces antibodies against antigens
Define ‘Natural Killer Cells’
A type of immune cell that can kill virus-infected cells and tumor cells
Define ‘Macrophages’
Large white blood cells that engulf and destroy pathogens
Define ‘Dendritic Cells’
Immune cells that process antigen material and present it to T cells
What is ‘Immunology’?
The study of the immune system
Define ‘Antigen’
Substances that can trigger an immune response
Define ‘Antibody’
A protein produced by B cells that can bind to specific antigens
What is an ‘Immune Disease’?
A disorder where the immune system attacks the body’s own cells
Give examples of ‘Immune Diseases’
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Type 1 diabetes
- Multiple sclerosis
What is ‘Autoimmunity’?
A misdirected immune response where the immune system attacks the body’s own cells
What is the role of ‘T cells’ in adaptive immunity?
They recognize antigens and help B cells to produce antibodies
What is the role of ‘B cells’ in adaptive immunity?
They produce antibodies against specific antigens
