15 - Processing Affect 1

Question 1

What was attachment initially seen as? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 1

A spatial theory

Question 2

What does separation-reunion behaviour place emphasis on? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 2

• The dyad to manage stress of separation

- About infant recovery, not the presence of stress

Question 3

What is insecure attachments negatively correlated with? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 3

Authenticity

Question 4

What characteristic is most affiliated with attachment type? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 4

Sensitivity and responsiveness

Question 5

What are the three stages of the still face paradigm? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 5

1) Baseline state (normal face-to-face interaction)
2) Emotionally unavailable (still face)
3) Reinstatement (repairing the relationship)

Question 6

In the still face paradigm, what occurs with infants from sensitive mothers? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 6

Much quicker recovery period/reengagement than those from less sensitive mothers

Question 7

What did infants from less sensitive mothers exhibit? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 7

Self soothing behaviour

Question 8

What were the procedures of Hayley et al (2003) still face paradigm? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 8

• Play
• Still face
• Recovery
• Still face
• Recovery

Question 9

What is attunement? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 9

The degree to which psychobiological reactivity and regulation for mother and infant, are related from moment to moment

Question 10

What does high attunement lead to? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 10

Synchronisation of heart rates

Question 11

What is attunement associated with? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 11

High levels of intimacy and joy

Question 12

How quickly do repaid mistakes occur? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 12

3-5 seconds

Question 13

What did Müller et al (2015) find? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 13

• Positive relationship between time of repair and increase in cortisol levels
• Quicker the reparation rate, the less stress the infant will feel

Question 14

What can neuro-cortical regions alter? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 14

Limbic activity

Question 15

What does the amygdala develop direct connections with? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 15

Ventral prefrontal cortex (better coping is associated with better emotional regulation)

Question 16

What was present in an fMRI scan when children looked at a photo of their mother and a photo of a stranger? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 16

• Lower amygdala reactivity with mothers image over strangers image
• Correlated with the strength of the parent child bond

Question 17

How is the emotional face go/no go task completed? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 17

• P’s respond when they see a neutral face, and no response when they see an emotional face
• Complete the task with a stranger next to them and then with their mother sitting next to them

Question 18

What was found in the emotional face go/no go task? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 18

Higher false alarm rate for fearful faces with a stranger next to p

Question 19

What is marking/mind-mindedness? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 19

Attuning to the infant when they are scared and eliciting the appropriate response

Question 20

What does parent availability lead to? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 20

• Increased regulatory resources
• Decreased stress reactivity
• Infant stress inoculation and growth

Question 21

What does parent unavailability lead to? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 21

• Increased stress reactivity

- Infant unregulated and disorganised

Question 22

Synchrony with parents ages 3 months is associated with what? (Affect 1 Developmental)

Answer 22

Capacity for empathy, aged 3 years