14A Assignment Flashcards
An _____-symbiotic relationship involves a mutualistic cross-feeding scenario involving multiple organisms, which, while in close association, remain independent concerning their genomes and their cellular boundary membranes.
Ecto-
Endo-
Ecto-
Which has a relatively convoluted, high surface area “inner membrane” compared to the others?
mitochondrion
chloroplast
bacterium
mitochondrion
The outer membrane of a bacterium is topologically equivalent to:
the chloroplast inner membrane
the chloroplast outer membrane
the mitochondrial inner membrane
the thylakoid membrane
the chloroplast outer membrane
The bacterial cytoplasm is most analogous to:
the mitochondrial intermembrane space
the mitochondrial matrix
the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell
the mitochondrial matrix
An ectosymbiotic relationship discussed in class ultimately gave rise to mitochondria. This occurred in _____, and involved a(n)_____ and a(n) _____.
Asgard Archaea, aerobic bacteria
aerobic bacteria, cyanobacteria
aerobic eukaryote, asgard archaea
aerobic bacteria, cyanobacteria
Asgard Archaea, aerobic bacteria
Which came first, prokaryotes or eukaryotes?
prokaryotes
eukaryotes
prokaryotes
Which came first, plants or aerobic eukaryotes?
aerobic eukaryotes
plants
aerobic eukaryotes
Which came first:
Aerobic eukaryotes
Asgard Archaea
Impossible to tell from this diagram.
Cyanobacteria
Proteobacteria
Impossible to tell from this diagram.
Which is an example of energy?
Chemical energy of oxidative substrates (e.g. fats, carbohydrates, etc.)
Potential energy of an electron donor
A transmembrane electrical, chemical, or electrochemical gradient
Chemical energy in the phosphoester or phosphoanhydride bonds of ATP
Sunlight
All of the above
All of the above
The major form of potential energy produced by the citric acid cycle:
ATP
reduced electron carriers (e.g. NADH)
CO2
a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane
reduced electron carriers (e.g. NADH)
From which is O2 derived during photosynthesis?
CO2
sunlight
water
proton gradient
water
Oxygen consumed by respiration ends up in:
the citric acid cycle
water
CO2
NADH
water
Which depicts respiration?
(NADH) + (1/12 O2) + (H+) –>energy conversion process in membrane –>(NAD+) + (H2O)
(ADP) + (Pi) –> Oxidation Phosphorylation –> (ATP)
(NADH) + (1/12 O2) + (H+) –>energy conversion process in membrane –>(NAD+) + (H2O)
Which depicts action of an F-type ATPase?
(NADH) + (1/12 O2) + (H+) –>energy conversion process in membrane –>(NAD+) + (H2O)
(ADP) + (Pi) –> Oxidation Phosphorylation –> (ATP)
(ADP) + (Pi) –> Oxidation Phosphorylation –> (ATP)
The “energy conversion” processes in the membrane refer to:
building the potential energy of a proton gradient and the proton-motive force subsequently driving mechanical action of ATP synthase
production of CO2
the majority of the Krebs cycle
building the potential energy of a proton gradient and the proton-motive force subsequently driving mechanical action of ATP synthase