13D Flashcards
Family odobenidae
1) competition (walruses)
2) Defense (predators)
3) Hauling out (pick axe)
4) Resting (anchor)
Order Sirenia
paddle shaped tail, freshwater/estuarine
fluke shaped tail, marine; has tusks
Sirenians
mammals belonging to order sirenia
Tail Flukes
are the lobes of sirenian or cetacean tail
Family Dugongidae
dugong
steelers sea cow
Cetaceans
marine mammals belonging to order cetacea; includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises
Blowhole
opening of the tip of cetaceans that contains the nostrils
Blubber
thick’s uniform layer of fat under the skin of some marine mammals (pinnipeds, sirenians, cetaceans)
Alveoli
tiny spaces, or gas sacs, within the lungs where gas exchange occurs
The Bends
nitrogen gas dissolved in the blood comes out of solution and forms gas bubbles as the pressure decreases during an ascent from deep water, causing disruptions in circulation
Myoglobin
protein muscle that store’s oxygen
Lactic Acid
waste product produced when ? lose anaerobically
Spy Hopping
cetacean behavior in which the animal raises its head out of the water
Breaching
cetacean behavior in which an animal completely or almost completely leaves the water
Tail slapping
cetacean behavior in which animals lift its tail out of the water and slaps it down hard on the surface
Peduncle
part of the whales body closest to the tail fluke
Fluke Up
cetacean behavior in which the animal brings its fluke above the water so that the ventral surface is visible
Fluke down
cetacean behavior in which the animal beings it’s fluke above the water do that the dorsal surface is visible
Flipper Flapping (Pec Slapping)
cetacean behavior in which the animal rolls over onto its back and flaps it’s flipped in the air
Pectoral Stroking
cetacean behavior in which one animal stokes the body of another with its pectoral fin
Types of Whales
Suborder Mysticeti: baleen whales (12-14 species)
Suborder Odontoceti: toothed whales, dolphins porpoises (75 species)
baleen whales
lack teeth
presence of baleen plates
two external blowholes
Baleen
structure made of protein that is used by baleen whales to filter foo from the water
Keratin
tough protein that makes up baleen
right whales
northern, southern, bowhead
family balaenopteridae
blue, fin, sei, brydes, minke, eden, antarctic, omura, humpback
toothed whales are characterized by
teeth
echolocation
one external blowhole
family ziphiidae
relatively poorly known
characterized by a snout drawn into a beak
family physeteridae
sperm whale
Spermaceti
waxy substance found within the rostrum of sperm whales
Ambergris
section of the sperm whales digestive tract; base of perfumes
family kogiidae
pygmy sperm, dwarf sperm
family platanistidae
asian river dolphin
long, narrow beak, numerous pointed teeth and broad paddle like flippers
family pontoporiidae
franciscana
rivers of south africa
family iniidae
bouto
amazon river, freshwater, reduced eyes
Dephinids
collective term for members of the cetacean family Delphinidae, specifically dolphins
family phocoenidae
finless, spectacled, butmeister, vaquita, dalis porposes
family monodontidae
narwhal and beluga
Baleen whale families
balaenidae (right)
balaenopteridae(rorquals)
eschrictiidae(gray)
neobalarnidae(pygmy right)
family lipotidae
baiji
chinese river
long narrow upturned beak and low triangular dorsal fin
echolocation
process that allows toothed whales to use sound to distinguish objects from a distance
