1.3a How did the Soviet government exercise control over the media, propaganda and religion?

Question 1

Define cult of personality

Answer 1

The adoration of an individual through media

Question 2

Why was Stalin being presented as being close with Lenin part of his cult of personality?

Answer 2

Lenin hated Stalin

Question 3

What quote associates Lenin and Stalin?

Answer 3

‘Stalin is the Lenin of today’

Question 4

What major city was renamed Stalingrad as part of his cult of personality?

Answer 4

4) Tsaritsyn

Question 5

How was Stalin presented in the media?

Answer 5

Tall and in military uniform or down to earth normal clothes

Question 6

How tall actually was Stalin?

Answer 6

5’6”

Question 7

What was Stalin’s media nickname?

Answer 7

Gardener of Human Happiness

Question 8

Why was Stalin often pictured with children?

Answer 8

To be seen as a father figure

Question 9

What was the issue with Stalin’s media image not being reality?

Answer 9

People often didn’t recognise him

Question 10

Give 3 ways in which the cult of personality was a success (general)

Answer 10

Provided a figurehead for Socialism / focused loyalty and unity / filled a gap left by the restriction on religion

Question 11

What was listed as one of the reasons for Khrushchev’s dismissal in 1964?

Answer 11

His cult of personality

Question 12

How was Khrushchev hypocritical in his de-Stalinisation?

Answer 12

He condemned his cult of personality

Question 13

What personality trait did Khrushchev have that made a COP fitting?

Answer 13

Egotism

Question 14

What position did he appoint his son-in-law to?

Answer 14

Editor of Isvestiya

Question 15

How many medals was Brezhnev awarded?

Answer 15

Over 100

Question 16

Why was Brezhnev’s cult of personality so vital to him?

Answer 16

Sought to emerge as victorious through a power struggle between Kosygin and Podgorny / unable to lead for the final 6 months of his tenure through illness

Question 17

Define Glavlit

Answer 17

Censorship office needed for every publication

Question 18

Define Pravda (Truth)

Answer 18

Daily soviet paper full of propaganda (Truth)

Question 19

Define Izvestiya

Answer 19

(news)

Question 20

Define Partiinost

Answer 20

The guiding principle of the soviet press (being cheap to keep high readership)

Question 21

Define Trud (Labour)

Answer 21

Paper of government run trade unions

Question 22

How many readers did Pravda have?

Answer 22

10.7 million

Question 23

How many Trud were printed?

Answer 23

13.5 million

Question 24

What happened in the 1957 Kyshtum disaster?

Answer 24

disaster where a nuclear waste storage tank exploded

Question 25

Why was the Kyshtum disaster significant?

Answer 25

It was covered up by the media

Question 26

How many fatalities were there & how many were exposed to radiation in the Kyshtum disaster?

Answer 26

Fatalities: 200 Radiation: 270,000

Question 27

Why was radio so significant?

Answer 27

65% of the population were illiterate

Question 28

What did radio Maika play?

Answer 28

Foreign music popular with youth

Question 29

How did the government try to stop foreign music?

Answer 29

Producing radios with poor range

Question 30

What significant thing was broadcast live on radio?

Answer 30

Stalin’s speech from the Red Square

Question 31

How far from the Red Square were the Germans when Stalin’s speech was broadcast?

Answer 31

50 miles

Question 32

What did the Bolsheviks install in streets to get their message across?

Answer 32

Public loudspeakers

Question 33

How were capitalism and communism portrayed on USSR TV?

Answer 33

Capitalism – rife with crime | Communism – joyous

Question 34

Mass production allowed most houses to have a TV by what decade?

Answer 34

1980s

Question 35

What 3 things were banned from magazines?

Answer 35

Sex, crime and religion

Question 36

Name the very popular sports magazine in the USSR

Answer 36

Sovettskii

Question 37

Why was it more difficult to influence Islamic views in society?

Answer 37

Their beliefs were more ingrained

Question 38

What Islamic thing was removed under collectivisation?

Answer 38

Mullahs

Question 39

What happened to the leader of the Russian Orthodox Church in 1918?

Answer 39

He was put under house arrest

Question 40

In the mid-1920s, a survey revealed that __% of people were still Christian

Answer 40

55%

Question 41

Why did Lenin purge so many priests?

Answer 41

He had a personal hatred for them

Question 42

What Marx quote condemns religion?

Answer 42

“religion is the opium of the masses”

Question 43

How many churches did Khrushchev close down?

Answer 43

10,000

Question 44

What did Brezhnev do to a Priest who set up the Christian Committee for the defence of Believer’s rights in order to draw international attention to human rights breaches?

Answer 44

Sentenced to 5 years in prison

Question 45

Why did religion grow under Brezhnev?

Answer 45

Because he allowed unregulated groups to meet

Question 46

Why did Brezhnev allow religion to grow?

Answer 46

He was aware that religious persecution didn't go down well in the West