1.2a How did the government exercise control over the economy? Flashcards
What was the very first government policy in 1917?
Lenin’s initial policy
What did Lenin’s initial policy entail?
Abolished private land
Placed controls of factories into workers hands
What was the “decree on workers control” in Lenin’s initial policy?
Placing workers in control of factories
Why was war communism introduced?
To ensure the Red Army had enough resources and food to win the civil war
Define Veshenkha
Industry under state control
What food policies were there under War Communism?
Rationing
Forcible requisitioning
Why was the NEP introduced?
A short term fix to move out of War Communism
How many people died from famine before the NEP?
20 million
Prior to the NEP, what was heavy production at?
20%
What was the Tambov rising?
Peasants attacked grain requisitions, requiring over 50,000 soldiers
What was the Kronsdadt mutiny?
An uprising of Sailors who had previously been in support of the Bolsheviks
What major crisis did the NEP cause?
The Scissor Crisis – an imbalance between agricultural and industrial goods
What else helped to increase industrial output during the NEP?
Rebuilding of roads
In which years were there good harvests?
1922 and 1923
What was much of the NEP’s success down to, much to their annoyance?
NEPmen
What were the agricultural features of the NEP?
Ended requisitioning
Removed collevtivisation
How did removing the NEP due to its ideological differences allow Stalin to consolidate his position?
He could remove the right who were in support for the NEP and NEPmen
By 1924, industrial output was __% of its figure in 1913
45%
What stance did Stalin take on the NEP at the time?
Supported it and wanted it to continue
What 2 events caused Stalin to change his mind and instead oppose the NEP?
1927
- Raid by the British government on the Soviet Trade Mission in London
- Attacks of the Communists in Shanghai
Caused fear of invasion
What did the fear of invasion cause in 1927 with the Peasantry?
Grain hoarding
Give 3 social problems with the NEP
- Black market flourished
- Prostitution increased
- Children roamed the streets mugging people
In what year did the government step in to regulate prices under the NEP?
1923
How did Lenin describe the NEP, showing he saw it as a short term fix?
One step back, two steps forward
