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EDEXCEL Russian History > 1.2b What was the impact of the Five Year Plans and Collectivisation? > Flashcards

1.2b What was the impact of the Five Year Plans and Collectivisation? Flashcards

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1
Q

What was Gosplan?

A

State planning authority who set targets for industry

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2
Q

What was the main focus of the 1st FYP?

A

Rapid growth of industry

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3
Q

What did the population of Magnitigorsk grow from and to?

A

From 250 to 250,000

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4
Q

What was neglected during the 1st FYP?

A

Consumer goods

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5
Q

In 1933 __% of the workforce were skilled

A

17

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6
Q

What is a shock brigade?

A

A group of skilled and unskilled workers

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7
Q

How many people died building the White Sea Canal, through slave labour?

A

10,000

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8
Q

Why was the White Sea Canal useless anyway?

A

It was too shallow and was built just to fill a quota

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9
Q

What did the need to meet quotas induce under the 1st FYP?

A

Corruption

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10
Q

What was the initial focus of the 2nd and 3rd FYPs?

A

Consumer goods

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11
Q

What did the focus of the 2nd and 3rd FYPs shift to?

A

Protection from foreign invasion from the Nazis

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12
Q

What major thing was built during the 2nd and 3rd FYPs?

A

Dnieper Dam

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13
Q

Where were the factories built and why?

A

In the East to keep them away from the German side

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14
Q

Under the 2nd and 3rd FYPs, there was a __ increase in steel and a __ increase in coal

A

Steel: 4x
Coal: 6x

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15
Q

By what percentage did the economic growth rate increase from the 2nd and 3rd FYPs?

A

17%

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16
Q

What was the overall result of the 2nd and 3rd FYPs?

A

Chaotic with many resources being wasted

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17
Q

What did agricultural collectivisation entail?

A

merging small farms into larger collectives

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18
Q

Why was agricultural collectivisation introduced?

A

An attempt to industrialise by focusing on agriculture to feed the workers

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19
Q

Give 3 main features of agricultural collectivisation

A

grain requisitioning
Got rid of the mir
Dekulakisation (attempt to liquidate the Kulaks as a class)

20
Q

How many cattle were slaughtered in the kulak grain strike?

A

26 million

21
Q

In 1932, __% of farms collectivised, in 1937, it was __%

A

1932 - 62%

1937 - 92%

22
Q

Why did efficiency and yield fall under collectivisation?

A

Many experienced farmhands were purged

23
Q

What did the USSR still have to rely on embarrassingly?

A

US imports

24
Q

Potato rations fell by __%

A

80%

25
Q

How many deaths were caused by the famine in Ukraine?

A

5 million

26
Q

Collectives were more/less efficient than NEP farms: Collectives ___kg per hectare
Private farms ___kg per hectare

A

Collectives 320kg per hectare

Private farms 410kg per hectare

27
Q

Why was Dekulakisation used?

A

Because they had a grain strike where they burned their grain and slaughtered their cattle

28
Q

Which country suffered the most losses from WW2?

A

Russia

29
Q

How many Russians died in WW2?

A

26 million

30
Q

How many Soviets were left homeless after WW2?

A

25 million

31
Q

What did the production of Soviet planes rise to during WW2? (industrial success)

A

94,000

32
Q

What were factories converted into during WW2? (industrial success)

A

Factories for the production of war munitions like a bicycle factory was turned into a flamethrower factory

33
Q

During WW2, steel production fell by __ tonnes

A

6 million

34
Q

During WW2, oil fell by /

A

2/5

35
Q

During WW2, grain output fell from ___ to ___

A

From 90m to 30m

36
Q

Why was agricultural output so low after WW2?

A

The men were conscripted to fight in the war

37
Q

What was the focus of the 4th FYP?

A

Rebuilding large industrial plants

38
Q

Was the 4th FYP a success?

A

A great success in restoring the economy to a pre-war level

39
Q

How did Russia exploit their influence in Eastern Europe?

A

Took arms out of East Germany

40
Q

How many people did they use in slave labour?

A

2 million

41
Q

What other labour methods were used in the 4th FYP?

A

Training programs

42
Q

What was the focus of the 5th FYP?

A

Further rebuilding from WW2

43
Q

What was the main feature of the 5th FYP?

A

Stalin’s prestigious projects

44
Q

Name Stalin’s 3 projects

A

Dnieper Dam
White Sea Canal
Volga Don Canal

45
Q

What was the accolade of the Dnieper dam?

A

The biggest Dam in Europe

46
Q

How many died building the White Sea Canal?

A

10,000

EDEXCEL Russian History (16 decks)

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