1.2c How far did economic policy change between 1953 and 1985?

Question 1

Name 3 features of post war agriculture

Answer 1

Link system
allowed peasants to sell surplus crops
gender imbalance

Question 2

What did Khrushchev’s reforms entail?

Answer 2

The promotion of light industry and consumer goods

Question 3

Define Sovnarkhozy

Answer 3

105 regional economic councils created to supervise industry

Question 4

Name 3 features of Khrushchev’s reforms

Answer 4

Managers given more influence
working hours reduced
housing shortage and lack of consumer goods

Question 5

What was the Liberman plan?

Answer 5

Called for automation to change the market to a supply/demand model instead of being state run

Question 6

Factory managers kept __% of profits

Answer 6

40%

Question 7

What did the Virgin land scheme do?

Answer 7

Opened up new areas to farming

Question 8

The virgin land scheme used ___ acres of land to farming

Answer 8

6 million acres

Question 9

What was the focus of the Seven Year Plan?

Answer 9

Shifting from using coal to oil and gas

Question 10

What was discovered to prompt the change from coal to oil and natural gas?

Answer 10

Volga-Ural fields

Question 11

Synthetic fibre production rose from ___ tons to ___ tons

Answer 11

166 tons to 666 tons

Question 12

The economic growth rate in Russia was higher than that of _______
Russia - __%
___ - __%

Answer 12

The USA:
Russia – 7.1%
USA – 2.9%

Question 13

Why were many of Khrushchev’s policies rejected by the Sovnarkom?

Answer 13

They were a compromise on Communism

Question 14

What huge accolade did Russia achieve during the 7 year plan?

Answer 14

First man in space

Question 15

How were consumer goods effected by the 7 year plan?

Answer 15

Consumer goods increased but hugely lacked in quality

Question 16

Why were the Kosygin reforms introduced?

Answer 16

To stimulate creativity

Question 17

What did Kosygin want to use as a success indicator over quantity?

Answer 17

Profit

Question 18

Why was Kosygin opposed in using profit as a success indicator?

Answer 18

Brezhnev didn’t want to take responsibility for them

Question 19

When was Kosygin removed?

Answer 19

1968

Question 20

What was the focus of the 9th FYP?

Answer 20

Consumer goods

Question 21

The rate of growth of consumer goods was higher than that of ______________

Answer 21

Heavy industry

Question 22

__% of families had washing machines

__% of families had a TV

Answer 22

70%

85%

Question 23

Why did Khrushchev’s initial economic policy fail?

Answer 23

Fear of terror and bureaucracy stifled innovation

Question 24

What social benefits did Khrushchev’s initial economic policy provide?

Answer 24

Removed harsh labour laws and reduced working hours

Question 25

Give 2 specific failures of Khrushchev’s initial policy

Answer 25

• Housing shortage

- Severe lack of consumer goods

Question 26

What was the main objective of Khrushchev’s initial policy?

Answer 26

To bring heavy industry up to a level to be able to compete with the West

Question 27

In what year was there a particularly poor harvest under Khrushchev and what did it mean?

Answer 27

1963 - removed much progress because many animals had to be slaughtered

Question 28

By how much did farmer’s income increase under Khrushchev?

Answer 28

51%

Question 29

What agricultural body was removed under Khrushchev?

Answer 29

MTS

Question 30

Under Khrushchev, by how much did food production increase?

Answer 30

51%

Question 31

Investment in agriculture:
1959 - ___%
1960 - _%

Answer 31

Investment in agriculture:
1959 - 12.8%
1960 - 2%

Question 32

Give 2 features of Brezhnev’s initial economic reforms

Answer 32

• Industrial complexes joined with scientific research to apply new technology
• Moved away from output as a success indicator

Question 33

Why did Brezhnev’s policy of joining Industrial complexes with scientific research not work?

Answer 33

Factories didn’t want to stop production to install new technology

Question 34

Economic growth rate:
1950s - __%
1960s - __%
1970s - __%

Answer 34

Economic growth rate:
1950s - 7%
1960s - 5%
1970s - 3%

Question 35

Give the 4 key subheadings of the reasons for economic stagnation under Brezhnev

Answer 35

• Lack of investment
• Military industrial COmplex
• Outdated technology
• Being stuck in the Stalinist system

Question 36

How much of the workforce did the Military Industrial Complex take up?

Answer 36

30 million

Question 37

What % of investment was in the military industrial complex?

Answer 37

18%

Question 38

Under Brezhnev, agriculture took up:
__% of the workforce
__% of investment

Answer 38

Under Brezhnev, agriculture took up:
25% of the workforce
26% of investment

Question 39

Under Brezhnev, USSR agricultural output was / that of the USA

Answer 39

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