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► French Collins COPY 可编辑 > 13 L'homme et la société > Flashcards

13 L'homme et la société Flashcards

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1
Q

la structure sociale

A

social structure

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2
Q

une personne

A

a person [ˈpɜːsn]

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3
Q

les gens

A

people [ˈpiːpl] (n. c. plur.)

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4
Q

la population

A

the population [ˌpɒpjʊˈleɪʃən]

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5
Q

peuplé de

A

populated with

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6
Q

un peuple

A

a people

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7
Q

indigène

A

indigenous [ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs] • native [ˈneɪtɪv]

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8
Q

la race

A

race [reɪs]

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9
Q

racial

A

racial [ˈreɪʃəl]

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10
Q

la couleur

A

[BR] colour [ˈkʌləʳ] • [AM] color

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11
Q

noir

A

black [blæk]

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12
Q

un(e) Noir(e)

A

a Black person

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13
Q

un(e) Noir(e) américain(e)

A

[AM]an African-American

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14
Q

un(e) Indien(ne) d’Amérique

A

a Native American

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15
Q

blanc

A

white [waɪt]

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16
Q

un Blanc, une Blanche

A

a White person

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17
Q

un(e) aborigène

A

an aborigine [ˌæbəˈrɪdʒɪnɪ]

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18
Q

une minorité ethnique

A

an ethnic minority

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19
Q

une tribu

A

a tribe [traɪb]

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20
Q

tribal

A

tribal [ˈtraɪbəl]

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21
Q

un clan

A

a clan [klæn]

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22
Q

un membre de la tribu

A

a tribesman [ˈtraɪbzmən] (fém. tribeswoman)

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23
Q

un(e) nomade

A

a nomad [ˈnəʊmæd]

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24
Q

nomade

A

nomadic [nəʊˈmædɪk]

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25
Q

sédentaire (population)

A

sedentary [ˈsedntrɪ] • settled [ˈsetld]

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26
Q

une civilisation

A

a civilization [ˌsɪvɪlaɪˈzeɪʃən]

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27
Q

la société

A

society [səˈsaɪətɪ]

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28
Q

social

A

social [ˈsəʊʃəl]

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29
Q

l’individu

A

the individual [ˌɪndɪˈvɪdjʊəl]

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30
Q

un particulier

A

a private individual

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31
Q

la collectivité

A

the community [kəˈmjuːnɪtɪ]

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32
Q

une communauté

A

a community

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33
Q

commun

A

common [ˈkɒmən]

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34
Q

communautaire

A

communal [ˈkɒmjuːnl]

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35
Q

collectif

A

collective [kəˈlektɪv]

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36
Q

la vie associative

A

community life

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37
Q

un groupe

A

a group [gruːp]

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38
Q

une association

A

an association [əˌsəʊsɪˈeɪʃən]

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39
Q

une organisation

A

an organization [ˌɔːgənaɪˈzeɪʃən]

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40
Q

un cercle

A

a circle [ˈsɜːkl]

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41
Q

un club

A

a club [klʌb]

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42
Q

un organisme

A

a body [ˈbɒdɪ]

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43
Q

une institution

A

an institution [ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃən]

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44
Q

adhérer à

A

to join [dʒɔɪn]

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45
Q

appartenir à

A

to belong to

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46
Q

un(e) membre

A

a member [ˈmembəʳ]

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47
Q

l’adhésion

A

membership

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48
Q

une carte d’adhérent

A

a membership card

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49
Q

s’assembler

A

to assemble [əˈsembl] • to gather [ˈgæðəʳ]

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50
Q

une assemblée

A

an assembly [əˈsemblɪ] • a gathering [ˈgæðərɪŋ]

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51
Q

un gang

A

a gang [gæŋ]

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52
Q

fréquenter

A

to mix with

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53
Q

sortir avec

A

to go* around with

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54
Q

un(e) marginal(e)

A

a dropout [ˈdrɒpˌaʊt]

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55
Q

se marginaliser

A

to drop out

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56
Q

asocial (comportement)

A

antisocial [ˈæntɪˈsəʊʃəl]

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57
Q

un(e) asocial(e)

A

a social misfit

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58
Q

un paria

A

a social outcast

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59
Q

la nation

A

the nation

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60
Q

un pays

A

a country [ˈkʌntrɪ]

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61
Q

un pays (dans les contextes autres que politiques et administratifs)

A

a land [lænd]

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62
Q

son pays natal

A

one’s native land

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63
Q

originaire de

A

native of

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64
Q

un Français de naissance

A

a native of France

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65
Q

national

A

national [ˈnæʃənl]

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66
Q

la nationalité

A

nationality [ˌnæʃəˈnælɪtɪ]

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67
Q

de nationalité allemande

A

of German nationality

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68
Q

un(e) ressortissant(e) belge

A

a Belgian national

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69
Q

un sujet espagnol

A

a Spanish subject

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70
Q

un(e) compatriote

A

a compatriot [kəmˈpætrɪət] • a fellow countryman (fém. fellow countrywoman)

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71
Q

un État

A

a state [steɪt]

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72
Q

un(e) citoyen(ne)

A

a citizen [ˈsɪtɪzn]

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73
Q

un citoyen italien

A

a citizen of Italy • an Italian citizen

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74
Q

la citoyenneté

A

citizenship

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75
Q

un(e) résident(e)

A

a resident [ˈrezɪdənt]

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76
Q

la résidence

A

residence [ˈrezɪdəns]

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77
Q

se faire naturaliser

A

to be naturalized

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78
Q

la naturalisation

A

naturalization [ˌnætʃrəlaɪˈzeɪʃən]

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79
Q

cosmopolite

A

cosmopolitan [ˌkɒzməˈpɒlɪtən]

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80
Q

étranger

A

foreign [ˈfɒrən]

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81
Q

un(e) étranger (-gère)

A

a foreigner [ˈfɒrənəʳ] • [AM] an alien [ˈeɪlɪən]

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82
Q

l’immigration

A

immigration [ˌɪmɪˈgreɪʃən]

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83
Q

un(e) immigrant(e)

A

an immigrant [ˈɪmɪgrənt]

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84
Q

un travailleur immigré

A

an immigrant worker

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85
Q

immigrer

A

to immigrate [ˈɪmɪgreɪt]

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86
Q

un(e) émigrant(e)

A

an emigrant [ˈemɪgrənt]

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87
Q

émigrer

A

to emigrate [ˈemɪgreɪt]

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88
Q

expatrié

A

expatriate [eksˈpætrɪə]

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89
Q

un réfugié

A

a refugee [ˌrefjʊˈdʒiː]

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90
Q

apatride

A

stateless [ˈsteɪtlɪs]

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91
Q

le patriotisme

A

patriotism [ˈpætrɪətɪzəm]

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92
Q

patriotique

A

patriotic [ˌpætrɪˈɒtɪk]

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93
Q

un(e) patriote

A

a patriot [ˈpeɪtrɪət]

94
Q

ma patrie

A

my homeland • my fatherland

95
Q

l’hymne national

A

the national anthem

96
Q

le drapeau (national)

A

the (national) flag

97
Q

saluer le drapeau

A

to salute the flag

98
Q

une classe

A

a class [klɑːs]

99
Q

le système de classes

A

the class system

100
Q

la conscience de classe

A

class-consciousness

101
Q

des préjugés de classe

A

class bias (n. c. sing.)

102
Q

un privilège

A

a privilege [ˈprɪvɪlɪdʒ]

103
Q

la position sociale

A

social standing

104
Q

le rang social

A

social rank

105
Q

l’égalité

A

equality [ɪˈkwɒlɪtɪ]

106
Q

l’inégalité

A

inequality [ˌɪnɪˈkwɒlɪtɪ]

107
Q

égalitaire

A

egalitarian [ɪˌgælɪˈtɛərɪən]

108
Q

être l’égal de qqn

A

to be sb’s equal

109
Q

la lutte des classes

A

class struggle • class war(fare)

110
Q

la hiérarchie

A

hierarchy [ˈhaɪərɑːkɪ]

111
Q

hiérarchique

A

hierarchic(al) [ˌhaɪəˈrɑːkɪk(əl)]

112
Q

l’élitisme

A

elitism [ɪˈliːtɪzəm]

113
Q

élitiste

A

elitist [ɪˈliːtɪst]

114
Q

l’élite

A

the elite [ɪˈliːt]

115
Q

une caste

A

a caste [kɑːst]

116
Q

l’aristocratie

A

the aristocracy [ˌærɪsˈtɒkrəsɪ]

117
Q

aristocratique

A

aristocratic [ˌærɪstəˈkrætɪk]

118
Q

la noblesse

A

the nobility [nəʊˈbɪlɪtɪ]

119
Q

la petite noblesse

A

the gentry [ˈdʒentrɪ]

120
Q

l’aristocratie terrienne

A

the landed gentry

121
Q

la haute société

A

high society

122
Q

les classes supérieures

A

the upper class(es)

123
Q

la classe dirigeante

A

the ruling class

124
Q

l’intelligentsia

A

the intelligentsia [ɪnˌtelɪˈdʒentsɪə]

125
Q

la bourgeoisie

A

the bourgeoisie [ˌbʊəʒwɑːˈziː] • the middle class

126
Q

les classes moyennes

A

the middle classes

127
Q

un(e) bourgeois(e)

A

a bourgeois [ˈbʊəʒwɑː]

128
Q

bourgeois (milieu, quartier)

A

middle-class • bourgeois

129
Q

la haute / petite bourgeoisie

A

the upper / lower middle class

130
Q

appartenir à une vieille famille

A

to belong to an old family

131
Q

la classe ouvrière

A

the working class(es)

132
Q

ouvrier (milieu, banlieue)

A

working-class

133
Q

le prolétariat

A

the proletariat [ˌprəʊləˈtɛərɪət]

134
Q

un(e) prolétaire

A

a proletarian [ˌprəʊləˈtɛərɪən]

135
Q

les masses (laborieuses)

A

the (working) masses

136
Q

venir d’un milieu modeste

A

to come* from a modest background

137
Q

l’homme du peuple

A

the common man

138
Q

Mesdames, (Mesmoiselles,) Messieurs !

A

Ladies and Gentlemen!

139
Q

Madame, (Mademoiselle,) Monsieur (en-tête de lettre)

A

Dear Sir or Madam

140
Q

Messieurs (en-tête de lettre)

A

Dear Sirs

141
Q

M. Jean Dupont

A

Mr Jean Dupont

142
Q

Messieurs Jones et Smith

A

Messrs Jones and Smith

143
Q

oui, monsieur

A

yes, Sir (soutenu)

144
Q

Mme Marie Dupont

A

Mrs Marie Dupont

145
Q

oui, madame

A

yes, Madam (soutenu)

146
Q

Mademoiselle Sarah Dupont

A

Miss Sarah Dupont

147
Q

oui, mademoiselle

A

yes, Miss (soutenu)

148
Q

il m’a appelé «Monsieur»

A

he addressed me as ’Sir’

149
Q

les titres

A

titles

150
Q

un prince

A

a prince [prɪns]

151
Q

une princesse

A

a princess [prɪnˈses]

152
Q

un duc

A

a duke [djuːk]

153
Q

une duchesse

A

a duchess [ˈdʌtʃɪs]

154
Q

un comte (en général)

A

a count [kaʊnt]

155
Q

un comte (en GB)

A

an earl [ɜːl]

156
Q

une comtesse

A

a countess [ˈkaʊntɪs]

157
Q

un vicomte

A

a viscount [ˈvaɪkaʊnt]

158
Q

une vicomtesse

A

a viscountess [ˈvaɪkaʊntɪs]

159
Q

un marquis

A

a marquess [ˈmɑːkwɪs]

160
Q

une marquise

A

a marchioness [ˈmɑːʃənɪs]

161
Q

un baron

A

a baron [ˈbærən]

162
Q

une baronne

A

a baroness [ˈbærənɪs]

163
Q

un baronnet

A

a baronet [ˈbærənɪt]

164
Q

un chevalier

A

a knight [naɪt]

165
Q

un pair (en GB)

A

a peer [pɪəʳ]

166
Q

une pairesse (en GB)

A

a peeress [ˈpɪərɪs]

167
Q

la pairie

A

the peerage [ˈpɪərɪdʒ]

168
Q

anoblir qqn

A

to raise sb to the peerage

169
Q

la cour

A

the court [kɔːt]

170
Q

un courtisan

A

a courtier [ˈkɔːtɪəʳ]

171
Q

un(e) aristocrate

A

an aristocrat [ˈærɪstəkræt]

172
Q

un(e) noble

A

a noble [ˈnəʊbl] • a nobleman (fém. noblewoman)

173
Q

les nobles

A

the nobility [nəʊˈbɪlɪtɪ]

174
Q

un(e) roturier (-ière)

A

a commoner [ˈkɒmənəʳ]

175
Q

conférer un titre à qqn

A

to confer a title on sb

176
Q

faire qqn chevalier

A

to knight sb

177
Q

Votre Majesté

A

Your Majesty

178
Q

Sa Majesté

A

His / Her Majesty

179
Q

Votre Altesse (royale)

A

Your (Royal) Highness

180
Q

Son Altesse royale (femme)

A

Her Royal Highness

181
Q

une dame d’honneur

A

a lady-in-waiting

182
Q

une révérence (faite par un homme)

A

a bow [baʊ]

183
Q

une révérence (faite par une femme)

A

a curtsey [ˈkɜːtsɪ]

184
Q

faire une révérence à

A

to bow to • to curtsey to

185
Q

s’incliner pour saluer qqn

A

to bow to sb

186
Q

un blason

A

a coat of arms

187
Q

une devise

A

a motto [ˈmɒtəʊ]

188
Q

l’héraldique

A

heraldry [ˈherəldrɪ]

189
Q

les démarches officielles

A

official procedures

190
Q

mes papiers

A

my papers

191
Q

une carte d’identité

A

an identity card

192
Q

son état civil

A

his official status • his official details

193
Q

la situation de famille

A

marital status

194
Q

un passeport

A

a passport [ˈpɑːspɔːt]

195
Q

une photo d’identité

A

a passport photo

196
Q

un visa

A

a visa [ˈviːzə]

197
Q

un permis de séjour

A

a residence permit

198
Q

une adresse

A

an address [əˈdres]

199
Q

domicile permanent

A

permanent address

200
Q

être domicilié à

A

to be domiciled in

201
Q

date / lieu de naissance

A

date / place of birth

202
Q

un acte de naissance

A

a birth certificate

203
Q

déclarer une naissance

A

to register a birth

204
Q

un acte de décès

A

a death certificate

205
Q

un acte de mariage

A

a marriage certificate

206
Q

un livret de famille

A

a family record book

207
Q

la procédure

A

the procedure [prəˈsiːdʒəʳ]

208
Q

enregistrer, inscrire

A

to register [ˈredʒɪstəʳ]

209
Q

l’enregistrement, l’inscription

A

registration [ˌredʒɪsˈtreɪʃən]

210
Q

le registre d’état civil

A

the official register

211
Q

≈ un officier de l’état civil

A

a registrar [ˌredʒɪsˈtrɑːʳ]

212
Q

certifier que

A

to certify that [ˈsɜːtɪfaɪ]

213
Q

en règle (papiers)

A

in order

214
Q

il est en situation irrégulière

A

his papers aren’t in order

215
Q

les sans-papiers

A

people without residence and work permits

216
Q

valable, valide jusqu’à

A

valid till, up to [ˈvælɪd]

217
Q

périmé

A

out of date

218
Q

proroger un visa

A

to extend a visa

219
Q

délivrer (document)

A

to issue [ˈɪʃuː]

220
Q

une copie

A

a copy [ˈkɒpɪ]

221
Q

une copie certifiée conforme

A

a certified copy

222
Q

un document

A

a document [ˈdɒkjʊmənt]

223
Q

un formulaire, une fiche

A

a form [fɔːm]

224
Q

remplir un formulaire

A

[BR] to fill in a form • [BR] to fill up a form • [AM] to fill out a form

225
Q

une demande de qqch.

A

an application for sth [ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃən]

226
Q

faire une demande de qqch.

A

to apply for sth [əˈplaɪ]

227
Q

faire une démarche auprès de qqn

A

to approach sb

228
Q

faire des démarches pour obtenir qqch.

A

to take steps to obtain sth

229
Q

un dossier sur qqn

A

a file on sb [faɪl] • a dossier on sb [ˈdɒsɪeɪ]

230
Q

officiel

A

official [əˈfɪʃəl]

231
Q

un responsable administratif

A

an official

► French Collins COPY 可编辑 (59 decks)

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