1.2 Diseases

Question 1

Staphylococcus aureus bacteria features ?

Answer 1

Gram positive & opportunistic

Question 2

Staphylococcus aureus notorious for causing ?

Answer 2

Skin and soft tissue infections

Question 3

What types of tissues are affected by bacterial infections in SSTIs?

Answer 3

skin, muscles, and connective tissues such as ligaments and tendons

Question 4

What percentage of hospitalized patients are affected by SSTIs?

Answer 4

approx 7% to 10%

Question 5

Why are SSTIs particularly common in the emergency care setting?

Answer 5

rapid onset and potential severity , requiring immediate medical attention

Question 6

Describe the two-step process involved in the clinical manifestations of SSTIs.

Answer 6

1. Invasion of bacteria into the tissues.
2. Interaction of the bacteria with the host’s defenses, leading to symptoms and clinical signs.

Question 7

What is the range of severity for SSTIs?

Answer 7

mild infections to serious life-threatening infections such as necrotizing fasciitis

Question 8

What’s the principle barrier against invasion & a portal of entry for pathogens ?

Answer 8

the skin

Question 9

What inhibits growth of pathogens in skin ?

Answer 9

low pH, sebum, fatty acids

Question 10

What deters pathogenic organisms in humans = the own natural….. ?

Answer 10

flora

Question 11

What is the most common route of infection of the skin ? give 6 examples

Answer 11

break in the barrier of the skin
* skin conditions
* wounds
* burns
* surgery
* needles
* bites

Question 12

Development of an SSTI depends on 3 steps which are what ?

Answer 12

• bacterial adherence to host cells
• invasion of tissue with evasion of host defences
• elaboration of toxins

Question 13

Virulence factors such as exotoxins can cause what ?

Answer 13

• pore formation
• enzymatic reactions
• tissue damage