11a. Neoplasia Flashcards
What’s the defect in xeroderma pigmentosum?
DNA repair
Skin cancer - upper lip?
Basal cell
Skin cancer - lower lip?
Squamous cell
What is the only bacteria associated with cancer?
H pylori
What are the 2 cancers associated with H pylori?
Adenocarcinoma and low grade (MALT) lymphoma
What’s the most important prognostic factor in the TNM staging system?
M - metastasis (TNM goes in order of importance)
What platelet abnormality do most cancer patients have?
Thrombocytosis
What is the most common cause of fever in cancer patient?
Gram-negative bacteria (usually nosocomial)
Most common paraneoplastic syndrome?
Hypercalcemia
What are 2 mechanisms of hypercalcemia in malignancy?
- Metastasis to bone
2. PTH-related peptide (this one is paraneoplastic)
Acanthosis nigricans is typically indicative of what cancer?
Gastric (acanthosis nigricans is associated with other things but consider gastric adenocarcinoma)
Clubbing is associated with what cancer?
Primary lung cancer
Elevated CK and raccoon eyes?
Dermatomyositis
Hyponatremia or Cushing’s - cancer?
Small cell cancer in the lung
Hypercalcemia or 2 polycythemia vera - cancer?
Renal cell carcinoma
Hypocalcemia or Cushing’s - cancer?
Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid
What 2 tumor markers do you get with testicular cancer?
Alpha fetal protein and hCG
Alpha fetal protein decreased in pregnancy?
Down syndrome
Alpha fetal protein increased in pregnancy?
Neural tube defect
What is a tumor marker for colon cancer?
CEA
Primary tumor of the brain in kids?
Pilocytic astrocytoma (benign)
Primary cancer of the brain in kids?
Medulloblastoma (malignant)
Most common cancer in kids?
ALL
Most common GYN cancer?
Endometrial > ovarian > cervical
Why is cervical cancer the least common GYN cancer?
Pap smear
What are the rates of mortality for GYN cancers?
Ovarian > cervical > endometrial
What is the only tumor you can vaccinate against?
Hepatocellular because you vaccinate against Hep B and you also won’t get Hep D (3 for 1 vaccine!)
