10. Neoplasia Flashcards
What is a hamartoma?
Overgrowth of tissue that is normally there in that area
What makes a cell cancerous in terms of mitosis?
Atypic mitotic spindle (aneuploid) - has nothing to do with rate
How many doubling times (cell cycles) does it take to get a tumor that is detectable clinically?
30
How do carcinomas in general metastasize?
Lymphatics first before they become hematogenous- subcapsular sinus of local lymph node
How do sarcomas in general metastasize?
Go straight to blood (don’t like going to lymph nodes)
Which thyroid carcinoma likes to spread hematogenously?
Follicular
What is analogous in a woman to where the prostate is in a man?
Pouch of Douglas
What is the most common metastasis to the liver?
Lung > colon
Where would a testicular cancer metastasize to first?
Para-aortic lymph nodes
Left supraclavicular node - where is the primary?
Stomach cancer (Virchow’s node)
What cancer makes blastic lesions in bone?
Prostate
Old man with lower back pain - next step in management?
Digital rectal exam - BEFORE PSA
Multiple lesions on gross specimen indicate what?
Metastasis!
What is the most common cancer in the brain?
Metastasis from lung
What is the most common cancer in the adrenal?
Metastasis from lung
Desmin stains what?
Muscle
Ras and p53 are what kind of mutation?
Point mutation
What do you treat APML with?
Retinoic acid (vitamin A) - matures the blasts
What is a major risk factor for bladder cancer?
Smoking and aniline dyes
What cancer is HIV associated with?
Primary CNS lymphoma
What is the most common radiation induced cancer?
Leukemia (specifically CML)
What type of UV light gives you cancer?
UV-B
What cancer does actinic keratosis predispose to?
Squamous cell
