11.3 - opportunistic mycoses Flashcards
causes of opportunity mycoses
- filamentous saprophytic fungi
- candida
- pneumocystis jiroveci
filamentous saprophytic fungi
- these are ubiquitous fungi
- saprophytes absorb their nutrition as they grow on rotting vegetation
- they may colonise the nasal cavity, sinuses and airways of normal hosts
diseases caused by filamentous saprophytic fungi
- aspergillosis
- zygomycosis
- pheohyphomycosis
- hyalohyphomycosis
aspergillosis
ubiquitous in the environment
conidia are inhaled or ingested by the human host on a daily basis
only 8 species involved in human disease
aspergillosis caused by
aspergillus
aspergillosis presentations
depend on the immune state of the host
- non invasive or invasive sinusitis
- invasive may invade and destroy adjacent orbit
- aspergoilloma - fungus ball
- allergic broncho-pulomonary aspergillosis
- disseminateted aspergillosis
- invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
zygomycoses
opportunistic infections produced from environmental fungi
predilection for invading and destroying blood vessels
rapid tissue destruction and high mortality
commonly involve facial sinuses
hyalohyphomycosis and pheohyphomycosis
caused by ubiquitous environmental fungi
hyalohyphomycosis and pheohyphomycosis infections result from
direct inoculation or inhalation
candidaemia
candida in the blood stream
risk factors for developing candidaemia
debilitation, recent surgery, immunosuppression, recent or current antibiotics, intravascular cannulas, concurrent skin or mucous membrane candidiasis, patient on TPN
invasive candidiasis
candidaemia and organ invasion
mortality rate of candidaemia
40-60%
pneumocystis jiroveci
pneumonia in AIDS patients
100% untreated mortality
ground glass chest x ray
