11-20 Flashcards
What does ATP-PC stand for?
adenosine triphosphate-phosphocreatine
enzyme that breaks down PC into creatine and an inorganic phosphate
creatine kinase
Energy system that can last up to 10 seconds
ATP-PC
Energy system 10 seconds to 2 minutes
Glycolytic
End product of glycolysis
pyruvate
Energy system 2 minutes to a few hours
Aerobic
What is the process that breaks down fat?
beta-oxidation
What are the functions of protein?
acid-base balance, energy production, cell signaling, nutrient transport
What elements are in protein that are not in carbs or fat?
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
5 Components of Amino Acids
central carbon
carboxyl group (organic acid – COOH)
hydrogen
amino group (NH2)
side chain (R group)
What are the ketogenic amino acids?
Leucine and Lysine
Peptide when 4-10 amino acids are joined
Oligopeptide
Peptide when > 10 amino acids are joined
Polypeptide
What are the 3 major muscle proteins?
Myosin, Actin, Titin
What is the first step in protein breakdown?
denaturation
hormone released when food is ingested to stimulate release of digestive fluids
gastrin
as the food passes from the stomach into the duodenum of the small intestine, the intestinal cells release the hormones
secretin and cholecystokinin
In the stomach, what begins breaking down proteins into peptide chains
HCL and pepsin
