10.0 Change Flashcards
What is scope creep?
Customers informally ask for more and teams agree to deliver it without fully understanding the implications
What is scope slip?
Project teams informally reduce what they plan to deliver to keep within time and budget but without fully understanding the implications
Steps to manage issues
- capture the issue in the issue register
- assess the impact of the issue on the 6 control areas
- propose a resolution to be approved by the project board
- implement the solution and check if it worked
In PRINCE2, changes are identified as…
issues
What does the term ‘issue; cover in PRINCE2?
any relevant event that has happened, was not planned and requires management action
Who can raise an issue?
anyone with an interest in the project or its outcome
What is the purpose of the Change theme?
to identify, assess and control any potential and approved changes to the project baselines
Who maintains configuration item records?
Project Support
Who determines the change authority and change budget?
Executive
Who advises on examining and resolving issues?
Project Assurance
Who creates and maintains the Change Control Approach?
Project Manager
Who implements corrective actions?
Project Manager
Team Manager
Who manages the issue and change control procedures?
Project Manager
Who provides the corporate, programme management or customer strategies for issue resolution and change control?
Corporate, programme management or customer
Who makes decisions on escalated issues, with particular focus on safeguarding the integrity of the complete solution?
Senior supplier
Who produces the product status accounts?
Project Support
Who prepares and assists the Project Manager in maintaining the issue register?
Project Support
Who sets the scale for rating the severity of issues?
Executive
Who sets the scale for priority ratings for requests for change and off-specifications?
Executive
Who makes decisions on escalated issues, with particular focus on safeguarding the expected benefits?
Senior user
Executive
Who maintains the issue register?
Project Manager
Key term: Baseline
Reference levels against which an entity is monitored and controlled
Key term: Configuration item record
A record of the status, version and variant of a configuration item (product) and any details of important relationships between them
Key term: Product status account
A report of the status of a product: often for a work package, stage or the whole project. A snapshot on a given date of a set of configuration item records
Which products are produced and maintained for the Change theme?
- Change control approach
- Configuration item record
- Product status account
- Issue register
- Issue report
What is a Change Control Approach?
Used to identify, assess and control any potential and approved changes to the project baselines to protect the project’s products
What is an issue report?
A report containing the description, impact assessment and recommendations for a request for change, off-specification or a problem/concern
Only created for issues that need to be handled formally
What is a baseline?
The reference levels against which an entity is monitored and controlled
What are the 3 types of issues?
- off-specification
- request for change
- problem or concern
Types of issues: off-specification
The Supplier fails to meet the Quality Criteria, is missing a product or is below quality tolerance
Types of issues: request for change
A request for change to a ‘baseline’, often from the customer
Types of issues: problem or concern
From anyone, another ‘problem’ requiring escalation
When a request for change is presented to the project board, what can the project board respond with?
- Approve the change
- Reject the change
- Defer the decision
- Request more information
- Ask for an exception plan (if the request for change cannot be implemented within the limits delegated to the change authority)
If a request for change involves extra cost, what are the three principal ways to fund it?
- Use the change budget
- Request that corporate, programme management or the customer increase the project budget
- De-scope other elements of the project
When an off-specification change is presented to the project board, what can the project board respond with?
- Grant a concession
- Instruct that the off-specification be resolved
- Defer the decision
- Request more information
- Ask for an exception plan (if the request for change cannot be implemented within the limits delegated to the change authority)
What is a concession?
When the project board decides to accept the off-specification without immediate corrective action
When a product is granted a concession, the product is handed over to the user
TRUE OR FALSE: Tolerances should not be used to fund requests for change.
True
When a problem/concern is presented to the project board, what can the project board respond with?
- Provide guidance to enable the Project Manager to solve the problem
- Ask for an exception plan
Six areas of guidance for effective change management
- General tailoring considerations
- Project size, scale and complexity
- Managing product baselines
- The project’s delivery approach
- Delegating a change authority
- Establishing a change budget
What is a change budget?
A sum of money that the customer and supplier agree will be used to fund the cost of requests for change, and possibly also their analysis costs
Unless the anticipated level of change on a project is low, it is advisable for a budget to be set up to pay for changes
Issue and change control producedure
- CAPTURE in the issue register
- ASSESS the impact on products, time, cost and quality
- PROPOSE whether to accept, reject or defer the changes
- DECIDE (approve, reject or defer)
- IMPLEMENT (take corrective action, update records/plans, produce exception plan)
