08c_Black Racial Identity Development Model Flashcards
Black Racial Identity Development Model:
Cross (1971) (Nigrescence)
Overview
Shift from Black self-hatred to Black self-acceptance
Four Stages
Black Racial Identity Development Model:
Four Stages
Pre-Encounter
Encounter
Immersion-Emersion
Internalization
Black Racial Identity Development Model: Stages
Pre-Encounter
Low salience of race and racial identity
Adoption of mainstream identity
Likely to prefer White therapist
Black Racial Identity Development Model: Stages
Pre-Encounter: Anti-Black Substage
Acceptance of negative beliefs about Blacks
Likely to have low self-esteem
Black Racial Identity Development Model: Stages
Encounter
Significant race-related event(s) lead to greater racial/cultural awareness
Increased interest in developing a Black identity
Likely to prefer therapist of the same race
Black Racial Identity Development Model: Stages
Immersion-Emersion
Intense Black involvement (Immersion)
Anti-White (Emersion)
Black Racial Identity Development Model: Stages
Immersion
Idealization of Black culture
Rage toward Whites
Guilt over previous lack of racial awareness
Black Racial Identity Development Model: Stages
Emersion
Rejection of White culture
Internalization of Black identity
Black Racial Identity Development Model: Stages
Three potential identities adopted in Internalization Stage
Afrocentric
Biculturist
Multiculturalist
Black Racial Identity Development Model:
Afrocentric Orientation
Pro-Black
Non-racist
Black Racial Identity Development Model:
Biculturist Orientation
Integration of Black identity with a White or other cultural identity
Black Racial Identity Development Model:
Internalization
Multiculturalist Orientation
Integration of Black identity with two or more other cultural identities
Black Racial Identity Development Model:
Cross Racial Identity Scale
Introduced idea of “race salience”
Expanded Pre-encounter and Internalization stages
