02b_Humanistic/Constructivist: Gestalt Therapy Flashcards

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1
Q

Fritz Perls’ Gestalt Therapy:

Underlying Premise

A

Each person is capable of assuming personal responsibility and living as an integrated whole

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2
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

“gestalt” definition

A

Perception of part as a whole

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3
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

Five main concepts

A

People seek closure

Gestalts reflect current needs

Behavior represents a whole that is greater than the sum of its parts

Behavior can only be fully understood in its context

The world is experienced in accord with the figure/ground principle

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4
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

Personality Theory

A

Personality consists of the self and the self-image

Early interactions with the environment determines which aspect of personality is dominant

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5
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

The Self

A

Creative aspect of personality

Promotes tendency for self-actualization

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6
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

Self-Image

A

“Dark side” of personality

Imposes external standards

Hinders growth and self-actualization

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7
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

View of Maladaptive Behavior

A

Neurotic behavior is the viewed as a “growth disorder”

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8
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

Growth Disorder

A

Abandonment of the self for the self-image

Results in Lack of integration

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9
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

Boundary Disturbances, Etiology

A

Conflict between the self and the external environment

Interferes with satisfaction of needs and homeostasis

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10
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

Four Major Boundary Disturbances

A

Introjection

Projection

Retroflection

Confluence

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11
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

Introjection

A

Acceptance of external concepts, fact, and standards without understanding or full assimilation

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12
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

Characteristics of Introjectors

A

Difficulty distinguishing between “me” and “not me”

Overly compliant

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13
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

Projection

A

Disowning aspects of the self by assigning them to other people

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14
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

Result of Extreme Projection

A

Paranoia

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15
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

Retroflection

A

Doing to oneself what one wants to do to others

E.g. turning anger toward another person inward

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16
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

Confluence

A

Absence of boundary between self and environment

17
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

Consequences of Confluence

A

Intolerance of differences with others

Resentment

Guilt

18
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

Primary Therapy Goal

A

Help client become unified whole by integrating various aspects of the self

19
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

Therapeutic Approach

A

Reduce effects of transference

Promote Awareness

Avoid diagnostic labels

20
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

“Transference Fantasy”

A

Transference is viewed as counterproductive

Therapist helps clients recognize difference between their “transference fantasy” and reality

21
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

Primary Curative Factor

A

Awareness

22
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

“Ready-Made” Techniques to Increase Awareness

A

Empty-Chair Technique

Role-play

Guided fantasy (imagery)

23
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

Dream work

A

Role-play elements of the dream as a way to integrate the parts of the personality they represent

24
Q

Gestalt Therapy:

View of Dreams

A

Elements of a dream represent different parts of the self

Including parts of not been fully accepted and integrated