06_Community Psychology and Consultation Flashcards
Community Psychology:
Origins and Emphasis
Public Health Disease Prevention
Community Psychology = Prevention over Treatment
Community Psychology:
Primary Preventions: Goal
Decrease Incidence of new cases
Community Psychology:
Primary Preventions: Examples
Program/strategies provided to ALL members of identified group or population
E.g. Meals on Wheels; immunization programs
Community Psychology:
Secondary Preventions: Goal
Reduce Duration of pathology
Early detection and intervention
Community Psychology:
Secondary Preventions: Examples
Identifying specific individuals providing them with appropriate treatments
E.g. screening first-graders for reading disabilities in order to provide educational intervention
Community Psychology:
Tertiary Preventions: Goal
Reduce Consequences of mental and physical disorders
Community Psychology:
Tertiary Preventions: Examples
Rehabilitation programs
Education programs designed to improve community attitudes toward former mental patients
Community Psychology:
Two Main Strategies
Education
Preventive health care
Community Psychology:
Primary Goals of Education
Increase preventative activities
Improve care of the ill by providing psychoeducation to general public
Health Belief Model:
Factors that Affect Health Behavior
Readiness to take action based on perceived susceptibility and severity of illness
Cost-benefit analysis of making a particular response
Internal and external cues to action
Health Behavior “Cues to Action”
Health of friends and family members
Advice from others
Mass media campaigns
Health Locus of Control Model
Behaviors reflect locus-of-control beliefs
Health behaviors are enhanced by promoting sense of personal responsibility and control
Organizational Consultation
Systems approach
Defines entire organization as the consultee
Advocacy Consultation
Consultant adopts explicit value orientation in order to foster the goals of a disenfranchised group
Four Stages of Consultation
Entry
Diagnosis
Implementation
Disengagement
Consultation:
Resistance
Resistance to consultation may occur at any time
Most common during Entry Stage
Consultation:
Healthy Resistance
Normal response to demands for change
Consultation:
Unhealthy Resistance
Excessive rigidity in the client system
Consultee’s counterproductive psychological issues
Mental Health Consultation:
Origins
Medical/psychiatric model
Gerard Caplan (1970)
Mental Health Consultation:
Three components
Consultant
Consultee
Client or program
Mental Health Consultation:
Four Types
Client-Centered Case Consultation
Consultee-Centered Case Consultation
Program-Centered Administrative Consultation
Consult-Centered Administrative Consultation
Client-Centered Case Consultation:
Consultee
Teacher or therapist
Client-Centered Case Consultation:
Goal
Develop plan for consultee to work more effectively with a particular client
Client-Centered Case Consultation:
Role of Consultant
Expert who provides consultee with relevant information
Consultee-Centered Case Consultation:
Goal
Enhance consultee performance in delivering services
Focus on skills, knowledge, abilities, objectivity
Consultee-Centered Case Consultation:
Theme Interference
Transference from previous experience that creates a lack of objectivity with consultee’s current situation
Program-Centered Administrative Consultation:
Goal
Consultant works with one or more administrators to resolve problems related to an existing program
Consultee-Centered Administrative Consultation:
Goal
Help administrative-level personnel improve functioning to improve:
Program development
Implementation
Evaluation
Consultation vs. Supervision
Supervisor is usually in same profession as supervisee
Supervisor is in a position of power over supervisee
Supervision: Parallel Process
When supervisee replicates client’s problems and symptoms with their supervisor
