01c_Psychodynamic: Jung Flashcards
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
Differences with Freud
Libido = general psychic energy
Behavior is determined not only by past events but by future goals and aspirations
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
Personality Theory Key concepts
Personality is consequence of both conscious and unconscious factors
Collective Unconscious
Archetypes
Individuation
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
The Conscious
Oriented toward the external world
Governed by the ego
Represents thoughts, feelings, sensory perceptions, and memories
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
The Unconscious
Comprised of personal unconscious and collective unconscious
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
Personal Unconscious
Experiences that were either unconsciously perceived
or once conscious and now repressed
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
Collective Unconscious
Repository of latent memory traces that have been passed down through generations
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
Archetypes
Primordial images in the collective unconscious
Provide universal experience and understanding of certain phenomena
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
The Self
Archtype that represents a striving for unity of the different parts of the personality
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
The Persona
Public mask
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
The Shadow
The “dark side” of the personality
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
Anima and Animus
Feminine and masculine aspects of the personality
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
Two Attitudes
Extroversion
Introversion
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
Four Basic Psychological Functions
Thinking
Feeling
Sensing
Intuiting
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
Four Functions Location of Operation
All four psychological functions operate in the unconscious
Only one ordinarily predominates in consciousness
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
Conceptualization of Human Development
Development continues throughout the lifespan
Jung was most interested in growth after the mid-30s.
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
Individuation
Integration of the conscious and unconscious aspects of the psyche that leads to the development of a unique identity
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
Important outcome of Individuation
Wisdom
Occurs in later years when interests turn spiritual and philosophical
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
View of Maladaptive Behavior
Symptoms = unconscious messages
Symptoms signal dysfunction and present a task that demands to be fulfilled
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
Primary Goal
Rebridge the gap between the conscious and the personal and collective unconscious
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
Therapy Techniques
Interpretations designed to help client become aware of their inner world
*emphasis on dreamwork
Analysis of transference
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
Dreams
Unconscious message to the individual that is revealed in a symbolic form
Jungian View of Transference
Projection of the personal and collective unconscious
Jungian View of Countertransference
Tool that provides information about what is occurring during the course of therapy
Jung’s Analytical Psychotherapy:
Main Characteristics
Optimistic view of human nature
Emphasis on healthy aspects of client’s personality
Focus on here-and-now
Past information is sought only when it will help the client understand the present
Object Relations Theory:
Object-seeking
Basic inborn drive to seek relationships with others
Object Relations Theory:
Main Theorists
Melanie Klein
Ronald Fairbairn
Margaret Mahler
Otto Kernberg
Object Relations Theory:
Introject
Internalized representation of object (person)
Object Relations Theory:
Overview
Emphasis on a child’s early relationships with objects and introjects
Object relations become part of the self and influence interactions with other people in the future
Object Relations Theory:
Separation-Individuation
*Phase where development of object relations occurs
Child first take steps toward separation through sensory and then physical exploration of the environment
Occurs at 4-5 months
Object Relations Theory:
Separation-Individuation Subphases
Differentiation
Practicing
Reapprochement
Object Constancy
Object Relations Theory:
Separation Anxiety
Results from conflict between independence and dependence
Object Relations Theory:
Object Constancy
Permanent sense of self and object
Able to perceive others as both separate and related
Occurs by about age 3
Object Relations Theory:
View of Maladaptive Behavior
Result of abnormalities in early object relations, such as:
Problems occurring during separation-individuation
Inadequate resolution of early dichotomous introjects
Object Relations Theory:
Kernberg Hypothesis of BPD etiology
Shifting between overidealizing and devaluating is a result of adverse childhood experiences
Individual wasn’t able to integrate positive and negative aspects of experiences with others
Object Relations Theory:
Therapy Goals
Bring maladaptive unconscious relationship dynamics into consciousness
Replace dysfunctional internalized object representations with more appropriate ones
Object Relations Theory:
Primary Therapeutic Areas of Focus
Splitting
Projective identification
Defense mechanisms
Object Relations Theory:
Splitting
Mental separation of objects into “good” and “bad” parts
Subsequent repression of “bad,” or anxiety-provoking, aspects
