Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pulmonology > 08.22 - Exotic and Biohazard Pneumonias (Miller) - Questions > Flashcards

08.22 - Exotic and Biohazard Pneumonias (Miller) - Questions Flashcards

1
Q

3 important properties of B Anthracis

A

Gram-positive rod; Capsule of d-glutamate; Spore former

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

D-Glutamate capsule

A

B Anthracis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Transmission of B Anthracis

A

Cutaneous contact with animals; Aerosolized spores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Woolsorter’s Disease

A

B Anthracis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why does capsule of B Anthracis serve as virulence factor

A

Prevents direct recognition of bacterium via phagocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mortality rate in untreated pulmonary anthrax

A

90-100 %

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Timecourse of B Anthracis pnuemonic disease

A

Typically 4-6 days to onset, but can be up to 6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Symptoms of Pneumonic Anthrax

A

Short prodromal period of cough, fever, aches; Then high fever, dyspnea, hypoxia, tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Radiology of Pnuemonic Anthrax

A

Widened mediastinum with infiltrates and pleural effusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Widened mediastinum with infiltrates and pleural effusions

A

Radiology of Pnuemonic Anthrax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Two causes of death in Anthrax

A

Block of pneumonic lymph vessels; Cytokine storm - Septic Shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dx of Pneumonic Anthrax

A

Test sample or measure titers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tx of Pneumonic Anthrax

A

Cipro for up to 60 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

3 important properties of Brucella spp

A

Gram-negative coccobacillus w/out capsule; Intracellular; Livestock resoivoirs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Epidemiology of B Anthracis

A

Worldwide, Cattle and Sheep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Epidemiology of Brucella

A

Everywhere but NA; Contaminated dairy products or animal secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Imported dairy from goats in Mexico or Mediterranean

A

Brucella melitensis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pathogenesis of Brucellosis

A

Localize to reticuloendothelial system; Intracellular; Granuloma formation in lungs, Abscesses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Radiology of Brucellosis

A

Pretty big granulomas in lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Symptoms, Signs of Brucellosis

A

Fatigue, Weight Loss, Lymphadenopathy, Organomegaly, Pancytopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Fatigue, Weight Loss, Lymphadenopathy, Organomegaly, Pancytopenia

A

Brucellosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Most frequent complication of Brucellosis

A

Osteomyelitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Most frequent complication of Brucellosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Timecourse of Brucellosis

A

1-3 week incubation period with acute or gradual onset

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Dx of Brucellosis

A

Rarely cultured; Slide Agglutination Test; Titers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Tx of Brucellosis

A

Tetracycline or Doxy + Rifampin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Whitmore’s Disease

A

Burkholderia pseudomallei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

3 important properties of B pseudmallei

A

Small, motile gram neg rod; Facultative intracellular; Environmental

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Epidemiology of B pseudomallei

A

Southest Asia; Environmental Bac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Transmission of B pseudomallei

A

Inhalation of aerosolized bac from soil; Contaminated water or body fluids

31
Q

Cases of meliodosis spike following

A

Rains –> Raindrops aerosolize the bac from soil

32
Q

Virulence factors of B pseudomallei

A

Capusle; Intracellular; Lysis; Actin network; Dormancy

33
Q

Capusle; Intracellular; Lysis; Actin network; Dormancy

A

Virulence factors of B pseudomallei

34
Q

Timecourse of Meliodosis

A

Varies, 2-3 days to many years

35
Q

Symptoms and Signs of Meliodosis

A

Flu-like + Cough; Can mimic TB on CXR

36
Q

CXR of Meliodosis

A

Can mimic TB: Small nodule and consolidations of upper lobe; Abscesses and cavitations

37
Q

Px of Meliodosis

A

20-50% mortality even if treated

38
Q

Dx of Meliodosis

A

Isolation of bac; Titers

39
Q

Tx of Meliodosis

A

Ceftazidime for 8 weeks - 6 months; Intrinsically resistant to many abx

40
Q

3 important properties of Coxiella Burnetti

A

Gram neg bacillus; Obligate intracellular parasite; Enzootic (livestock)

41
Q

Epidemiology of Coxiella Burnetti

A

Almost every country with low incidence

42
Q

Transmission of Coxiella Burnetti

A

Contaminated viscera of livestock or raw milk; Ticks; Aerosolized spore-like form

43
Q

Q-fever

A

Coxiella Burnetti

44
Q

Pathogenesis of Q Fever

A

C burnetti well adapted for survival within macrophages; One of the most infectious human pathogens

45
Q

Timecourse of Q Fever

A

Acute febrile illness; Atypical pneumonia for 2-4 weeks

46
Q

Signs and Symptoms of Q Fever

A

Typcially not severe, often resolves w/out tx; Sometimes liver and heart involvement

47
Q

Dx of Q Fever

A

Titers

48
Q

Tx of Q Fever

A

Most spontaneously resolve; Doxycycline

49
Q

3 important properties of Francisella tularensis

A

Pleomorphic Gram neg rod; Obligate intracellular; Two biotypes

50
Q

Transmission of F tularensis

A

Typically tick or blood-to-blood; Can be aerosol

51
Q

Virulence factors of F tularensis

A

Atypical LPS not recognized by TLR-4; May produce a capsule; Long period survival in water

52
Q

Pathogenesis of F tularensis

A

Extremely pathogenic; High mortality if inhaled; Can also disseminate to lungs

53
Q

Signs and Symptoms of F tularensis

A

Sudden onset flu-like symptoms; Prolonged low-grade fever and adenopathy; Ulceroglandular; CXR - Spotted infiltrates, lobar pneumonia, pleural exudation

54
Q

CXR of F tularensis

A

Spotted infiltrates in lungs, lobular pneumona, Pleura exudation

55
Q

Dx of F tularensis

A

No culture; Agglutination tests

56
Q

Tx of F tularensis

A

Streptomycin

57
Q

3 important properties of Hantavirus

A

Bunyaviridae; Enveloped, trisegmented, SS, neg-sense RNA virus

58
Q

Epidemiology of HPS

A

Healthy young adults; Rural areas

59
Q

Symptoms of HPS

A

Prodrome of flu-like symptoms; Rapid pulmonary edema, severe hypotension, respiratory failure

60
Q

Transmission of Hantavirus (HPS)

A

Breathing air containing aerosolized rodent excrement

61
Q

CXR of HPS

A

Distinctive bilateral pulmonary edema; Bilateral intersitial infiltrates

62
Q

Tx of HPS

A

Early, aggressive intensive support care

63
Q

3 important properties of Yersinia pestis

A

Gram neg rod; Encapsulated, intracellular; Bipolar (Safety pin) staining

64
Q

Bipolar (safety pin) staining

A

Yersinia Pestis

65
Q

Epidemiology of Y pestis

A

Endemic worldwide, but 99% of cases occur in SE Asia

66
Q

Transmission of Y pestis

A

Rodents via fleas; Strikingly low ID50; Can be person-to-person via aerosol

67
Q

CXR of Y pestis

A

Lower lung zone airspace disease with bilateral pleural effusions

68
Q

Pathogenesis of Y pestis

A

Spreads to regional lymph nodes; Disseminates and form abscesses

69
Q

Reasons for the term black death

A

DIC and Cutaneous hemorrhage

70
Q

Primary life-threatening consequences Y pestis

A

Septic Shock and Pneumonia

71
Q

Symptoms of plaque

A

Fever, Headache, Hemoptysis, Dyspnea, Muscle weakness

72
Q

Dx of Y pestis

A

Smear and culture of blood or pus is best

73
Q

Tx of Y pestis

A

Streptomycin and Tetracycline

Pulmonology (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions