08.21 - Cough Suppression, Decongestants, Mucolytics (Malik) - Questions Flashcards
Clear sputum =
Bronchitis
Purulent sputum =
Bronchial Infection
Yellow sputum =
Inflammatory Disorders
Maladorous Sputum =
Anaerobic Infection
Antitussives for non-productive coughs
Dextro, Diphenhydramine, Codeine, Camphor, Menthol
DOC for productive coughs with thick secretions
Guaifenesin (expectorant)
Antitussives with direct effect on cough center
Dextro, Diphenhydramine, Codeine
Action and Metabolism of Dextro
Direct inhibition of cough center; CYP2D6
Contraindications for Dextro
MOAi, Advanced Respiratory insufficiency, Hepatic Disease
Diphenhydramine is indicated for
Nonproductive cough caused by irritation (2nd line agent)
Action of Diphenhydramine
H1 receptor antagonist; Direct suppression of cough center - Anti-cholinergic
Action of Codeine
Opioid analgesic, acts on mu receptors; Direct inhibition of cough center
Side Effects of Codeine
Histamine Release, Vasodilation
Contraindications of Codeine
Pregnancy; Respiratory depression
Topic Anti-tussives for non-productive cough
Camphor, Menthol, Eucalyptus
Only FDA approved expectorant
Guaifenesin
Side Effects of Guaifenesin
Uric Acid Nephrolithiasis (large doses)
Contraindication to Guaifenesin
Hypersenstivity
Action of Guaifenesin
Increases volume and reduces viscosity of secretions
Guaifenesin is not used for
Chronic Cough
Congestion is due to
Dilation of blood vessels - Histamine and inflammatory mediators cause vessel dilation
Afferent receptor nerves are carried to
Nucleus Tractus Solitarus