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Pulmonology > 08.21 - Cough Suppression, Decongestants, Mucolytics (Malik) - Questions > Flashcards

08.21 - Cough Suppression, Decongestants, Mucolytics (Malik) - Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Clear sputum =

A

Bronchitis

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2
Q

Purulent sputum =

A

Bronchial Infection

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3
Q

Yellow sputum =

A

Inflammatory Disorders

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4
Q

Maladorous Sputum =

A

Anaerobic Infection

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5
Q

Antitussives for non-productive coughs

A

Dextro, Diphenhydramine, Codeine, Camphor, Menthol

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6
Q

DOC for productive coughs with thick secretions

A

Guaifenesin (expectorant)

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7
Q

Antitussives with direct effect on cough center

A

Dextro, Diphenhydramine, Codeine

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8
Q

Action and Metabolism of Dextro

A

Direct inhibition of cough center; CYP2D6

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9
Q

Contraindications for Dextro

A

MOAi, Advanced Respiratory insufficiency, Hepatic Disease

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10
Q

Diphenhydramine is indicated for

A

Nonproductive cough caused by irritation (2nd line agent)

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11
Q

Action of Diphenhydramine

A

H1 receptor antagonist; Direct suppression of cough center - Anti-cholinergic

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12
Q

Action of Codeine

A

Opioid analgesic, acts on mu receptors; Direct inhibition of cough center

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13
Q

Side Effects of Codeine

A

Histamine Release, Vasodilation

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14
Q

Contraindications of Codeine

A

Pregnancy; Respiratory depression

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15
Q

Topic Anti-tussives for non-productive cough

A

Camphor, Menthol, Eucalyptus

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16
Q

Only FDA approved expectorant

A

Guaifenesin

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17
Q

Side Effects of Guaifenesin

A

Uric Acid Nephrolithiasis (large doses)

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18
Q

Contraindication to Guaifenesin

A

Hypersenstivity

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19
Q

Action of Guaifenesin

A

Increases volume and reduces viscosity of secretions

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20
Q

Guaifenesin is not used for

A

Chronic Cough

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21
Q

Congestion is due to

A

Dilation of blood vessels - Histamine and inflammatory mediators cause vessel dilation

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22
Q

Afferent receptor nerves are carried to

A

Nucleus Tractus Solitarus

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23
Q

No __ to blood vessels, no ___ to mucus glands

A

Para, Sympathetic

24
Q

Phenylephrine is a selective

A

Alpha1-Agonist

25
Q

Nasal Decongestants do not affect release of ___

A

Histamine - So commonly formulated with anti-histamines

26
Q

2 Oral Decongestants

A

Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine

27
Q

Pseudoephedrine acts primarily by ___, while PE acts by ___

A

Releasing NE, while PE directly stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors

28
Q

PE is metabolized by

A

MOA and COMT

29
Q

Side effect profiles of Systemic Decongestants

A

CV Stimulation; CNS stimulation. Children and elderly more likely to experience

30
Q

Who is more likely to experience side effects from Systemic Decongestants

A

Children and elderly

31
Q

Which Decongestant causes reflex bradycardia

A

Phenylephrine

32
Q

Contraindications of systemic decongestants

A

Bradycardia, Partial Heart Block

33
Q

Spray Decongestants

A

Oxymetazoline and PE

34
Q

Action of Oxymetazoline

A

Alpha1-agonist

35
Q

Preferred topical decongestant in pregnancy

A

Oxymetazoline

36
Q

Advantages of decongestant drops

A

Small children

37
Q

Decongestant Inhalers

A

Levamfetamine and Propylhexadrine

38
Q

Action of Levamfetamine

A

Stimulates NE release

39
Q

Action of Propylhexadrine

A

Indirectly activates NE receptors

40
Q

3 Expectorants

A

Iodinated Glycerol; Bromohexine; Guiafenesin

41
Q

At high doses, Guiafenesin stimulates

A

bronchial gland secretion

42
Q

Action of Bromohexine

A

Incr production of serous mucuous to decr viscosity of phlegm

43
Q

Function of Bland Aerosols

A

Diliute mucus molecule

44
Q

5 Mucolytics

A

N-Acetyl Cysteine; Sodium Bicarb; Dornate Alfa; Amiloride; Denufosol Tetrasodium

45
Q

Action of N-Acetyl Cysteine

A

Break bonds of mucus

46
Q

Side Effects of N-Acetyl Cysteine

A

Bronchospasm, Incr mucus production

47
Q

Action of Sodium Bicarb

A

Incr pH of mucus

48
Q

What is Dornase Alfa

49
Q

Action of Dornase Alfa

A

Reduce viscosity of secretions by breakin gdown extracellular DNA

50
Q

Indications fo Dornase Alfa

A

CF, CB, Bronchiectasis

51
Q

Contraindications of Dornase Alfa

A

Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell products

52
Q

Side effects of Dornase Alfa

A

Voice alteration, Chest pain

53
Q

Action of Amiloride

A

Diuretic (Na channel blocker) given to CF patients to prevent dehydration of mucus

54
Q

Diuretic (Na channel blocker) given to CF patients to prevent dehydration of mucus

55
Q

Action of Denufosol Tetrasodium

A

Activates Cl secretion and inhibits Na transport (P2Y2 receptor activation) –> Mucosal hhydration and clearance

Pulmonology (31 decks)

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