Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pulmonology > 08.12 - Gas Exchange, Oxygen Transport (Waters) - Questions > Flashcards

08.12 - Gas Exchange, Oxygen Transport (Waters) - Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Respiratory Quotient

A

Ratio of CO2 produced to O2 consumed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Respriatory Quotient depends on

A

what we eat and burn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Partial Pressure of inspired O2 vs dry air

A

159 vs 150

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Henry’s Law

A

Cx = (alpha)Px [partial pressure x solubility]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How do we measure diffusing capacity of lung

A

Single breath inhalation of carbon monoxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Diffusion rate of CO2 vs O2 in blood and tissue

A

CO2 diffuses 20 times faster than O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Solubility of CO2 vs O2

A

CO2 is about 23 times that of O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Partial Pressure of O2 in arterial system

A

100 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Partial Pressure of O2 in venous system

A

40 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Partial Pressure of CO2 in arterial system

A

40 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Partial Pressure of CO2 in venous system

A

46 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Partial Pressure of O2 in Alveolus

A

105 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Partial Pressure of CO2 in Alveolus

A

40 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What determines Alveolar PCO2

A

CO2 production in body/ Alveolar ventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If CO2 production is constant, then PACO2 is determined by

A

Alveolar Ventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How does cellular O2 consumption affect PAO2

A

Decreases, more O2 will leave alveoli and enter blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Alveolar Gas Equation

A

PAO2 = PIO2 - PACO2/R

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Definition of Hypoxemia

A

Arterial PO2 < 100mmHg

19
Q

A - a gradient is a measure of

A

whether O2 has equilibrated b/t alveolar gas and pulmonary capillary blood

20
Q

A - a gradient is useful for

A

examining causes of hypoxemia

21
Q

Ratio of arterial PO2 to fraction of inspired air is used as a measure of

A

Acute Lung Injury

22
Q

What is used as a measure of Acute Lung Injury

A

Ratio of Arterial PO2 to Fraction of Inspired Oxygen

23
Q

Gas transfer is said to be ____-limited

A

Perfusion-limited, b/c all blood leaving capillary ahs reached equilibrium with the alveolar gas

24
Q

CO transfer is ____-limited

A

Diffusion limited

25
Q

What causes oxidation of Iron to Methemoglobin

A

Nitrites and Sulfonamides

26
Q

T/F: Oxygen bound to Hb does not contribute directly to the PO2 of the blood

A

TRUE

27
Q

Typical percent saturation of Hb as it leaves most tissue capillaries

A

75%

28
Q

4 Causes of Decreased Hb affinity for O2

A

PCO2 up, pH down, Temp up, 2,3-DPG up

29
Q

4 Causes of Increased Hb affinity for O2

A

PCO2 down, pH up, Temp down, Fetal Hb up, 2,3-DPG down

30
Q

What increases 2,3-DPG

A

Metabolite of glycolytic pathway, increased in hypoxia –> Decrease affinity for O2

31
Q

How does CO affect O2 affinity

A

Increase, making more difficult to release

32
Q

3 mechanisms for CO2 transport in blood:

A

(1) Dissolved CO2; (2) Protein carbamylation, Carbaminohemoglobin; (3) Formation of Bicarb

33
Q

Amount of CO2 dissolved in blood is determined by

A

Henry’s Law

34
Q

How does CO2 bind to proteins in blood

A

binds to amine goups

35
Q

Hamburger’s Phenomenon

A

(1) Diffusion of HCO3- back into plasma causes decr. In net neg charge in cell; (2) Cl- moves into cell; (3) Cl- drags H20 into cell, causing swelling

36
Q

What causes Cl- shift in Hamburger’s Phenomenon

A

Band Three Protein, an anion exchange protein

37
Q

How are H+ ions carried in venous blood

A

Remain in RBC’s buffered by deoxyHb

38
Q

Rate limiting step of bicarb reaction

A

CO2 + H20 to H2CO3

39
Q

Shape of CO2 vs O2 curve

A

O2 is s-shaped; CO2 is linear -> Changes in PCO2 over broad range will have same effect on CO2 content

40
Q

Steepness of CO2 vs O2 curve

A

CO2 curve is much steeper –> Allows big changes in CO2 with changes in PCO2

41
Q

Haldane Effect

A

Oxygenation of Hb decreases its ability to carry CO2 –> Shifts CO2 curve right

42
Q

Ratio of excretion of HCO3 by the kidney relative to CO2 by the lung

A

[100mEq/day] / [10,000mEq/day]

43
Q

pH in terms of HCO3 and CO2

A

pH = 6.1 + log[HCO3]/(0.03PCO2)

44
Q

Small changes in Alveolar Ventilation have ____ effects on plasma pH

A

Pronounced

Pulmonology (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions