04b: Epithelial Tissues Flashcards
Epithelia form (X)-parallel sheets. What does that mean?
X = surface
Epithelium located on free surface. And connective tissue underlies it
Epithelia (sheets/cells) are (unpolarized/polarized).
Both sheets and cells
T/F: All sides of epithelial cells have the same function.
False - hence, polarization of cells/sheets
T/F: Epithelia are avascular.
True
Epithelia are (static/dynamic) in the sense that:
Dynamic - rapid turnover
The “free” surface of epithelial sheet is called (X).
X = luminal surface
The “attached” surface of epithelial sheet is called (X).
X = abluminal surface
The surface of epithelial cell facing the lumen is called (X).
X = apical surface
The surface of epithelial cell facing adjacent epithelial cell is called (X).
X = lateral surface
The surface of epithelial cell facing the underlying (X) is called (Y).
X = basement membrane Y = basal surface
What’s the basal lamina?
Layer of ECM secreted by the epithelial cells, on which the epithelium sits.
(X) provides vascular support for epithelium.
X = vessels in connective tissue
On which surface of epithelial cell does turnover occur?
On basal surface (side of basement membrane)
Give example of epithelial cells with steady-state proliferation.
Gut and skin
Give example of epithelial cells with no renewal/proliferation.
Core of lens of eye
Give example of epithelial cells with conditional proliferation.
Liver
Condition in which epithelia produce specialized progeny that’s normal, but not typically found in that location.
Metaplasia
Condition in which epithelia differentiate abnormally, resulting in altered (X).
X = size, shape, and organization
Dysplasia
Condition in which cell proliferation is not controlled, resulting in abnormal mass (benign or malignant).
Neoplasia
A mass is considered malignant once it:
breaks through basement membrane
(X) tissues are the most common sources of cancers in adults.
X = epithelial
Carcinoma is:
malignant tumor of epithelial cells
Neoplasias are (benign/malignant).
Could be either
(Ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm) gives rise to mesenchymal cells.
Mesoderm
(Ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm) gives rise to epidermis.
Ectoderm
(Ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm) gives rise to oral/anal cavities.
Ectoderm
(Ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm) gives rise to lining of internal cavities.
Mesoderm
Subcategories of epithelial tissues.
Glandular or membranous
Subcategories of membranous epithelial tissues.
Simple, stratified, other
Subcategories of “other” membranous epithelial tissues.
Pseudostratified or transitional
Ciliated epithelia with sterocilia falls under which specific category of epithelial cells?
Pseudostratified
Transitional epithelium can be further classified as:
Relaxed or stretched
Keratinized epithelium falls under which specific category of epithelial cells?
Stratified squamous epithelium
Endothelium and mesothelium fall under which specific category of epithelial cells?
Simple squamous epithelium
List functions of epithelium
- Protection
- Secretion
- Absorption
- Transcellular transport
- Selective barrier
- Transport parallel to epithelial surface
- Sensory
- Contraction
Epithelia protect (X) from:
X = underlying tissues
Abrasive forces, dehydration, chemical damage
Long, branched microvilli, called (X), indicate epithelia that functions in (Y).
X = stereocilia Y = absorption
What’s the key difference between absorption and transcellular transport?
Transcellular transport: material is passed across membrane, but not modified within epithelium
T/F: Presence of stereocilia indicate the epithelium is actively used for transcellular transport.
False - for absorption
Describe the way epithelia involved in transcellular transport might look under microscope.
Some vesicles open up onto apical or basal side
Ciliated epithelium has which primary function?
Move material along surface of epithelium
Epithelia specialized in contraction have (X) cells surround (Y) cells/ducts of glands.
X = myoepithelial Y = clustered, secretory
Myoepithelial cells can be seen under microscope. Which part is stained?
Actin filaments
What’s one way to recognize pseudostratified epithelium on slide?
Has cilia or stereocilia
Basal lamina consists of which components?
- Lamina lucida (electron Lucent)
2. Lamina densa (electron dense)
T/F: structural organization of cytoskeleton is same in microvilli and stereocilia.
True
T/F: structural organization of cytoskeleton is same in cilia and stereocilia.
False
T/F: structural organization of cytoskeleton is same in cilia and flagella.
True
