00 Topicals/Ophthalmics Flashcards
What are the 3 commonly seen ingredients for lubricant eye drops?
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, Carboxymethylcellulose, Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)
What are some examples of Antihistamine/Mast Cell Stabilizer eye drops?
Patanol, Pataday
What type of eye drop is Crolom?
Cromolyn - Mast Cell Stabilizer
What are the 4 decongestants available Non-Rx as eye drops?
Phenylephrine, Naphazoline, Tetrahydrozoline, Oxymetazoline
What are the available Non-Rx antihistamine eye drops?
Pheniramine, Antazoline
What are some Opthalmic NSAIDs?
Ketorolac (Acular), Diclofenac (Voltaren)
What is Bleph-10?
Ophthalmic Antibacterial (Sulfacetamide sodium). Contraindicated in sulfa-allergy
What are the main eye drops used for Gram (-) infections?
Gentamycin (Gentak) and Tobramycin (Tobrex)
What is Azasite?
Azithromycin ophthalmic antibacterial
What types of drops are effective in most bacterial conjunctivitis?
Macrolides (Erythromycin or Azithromycin)
What are good 2nd line ophthalmic antibacterials for routine bacterial conjunctivities?
Fluoroquinolones: Ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan) or Moxifloxacin (Vigamox)
What is the only anti-viral ophthalmic solution?
Trifluridine (Viroptic)
What is the first choice of treatment for open angle glaucoma if no contraindications?
B-blockers or Prostaglandin analogs (ex. Lumigan)
If either first line choices for open angle glaucoma can’t be used, what are your 3rd line choices?
Alpha-2-agonists (Alphagan), Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (Azopt)
What treatment options are available for Angle-Closure Glaucoma?
Cholinergic (Pilocarpine) or Hyperosmotics (Glycerin)
What are the treatment options for Age-Related Macular Degeneration (Wet Form)?
VEGF Inhibitors (Avastin (Bevacizumab))
What class of ophthalmic medication is most commonly responsible for drug-induced cataracts?
Corticosteroids
What is an example of a LOW potency topical steroid?
Hydrocortisone
What is an example of a HIGH potency topical steroid?
Betamethasone
What is the best option for Grade 1 Acne?
Keratolytic agent preferred. Benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, sulfer/resorcinol
What are some topical antibiotics used for Acne?
Clindamycin (Cleocin-T) and Erythromycin (Eryderm). These have better results when used in combo with benzoyl peroxide
What are some topical Non-Rx treatment options for Psoriasis?
Topical hydrocortisone, Coal tar, Salicylic acid. Avoid that last two if lesions are inflamed, or if involve intertriginous areas
What are some topical Rx treatment options for Psoriasis?
Corticosteroids. Tazorac (Tazarotene - synthetic retinoid). Synthetic vitamin D analogs (Dovonex)
Out of the three antibacterials found in Neomycin, which one covers Gram (+)?
Bacitracin
What is a topical treatment option for Impetigo?
Bactroban (Mupirocin 2% ointment)
What topical anti-infective agent is used to prevent and treat infections caused by 2nd and 3rd degree burns?
Silver Sulfadiazine (Silvadene), avoid in infants/pregnancy/sulfa-allergy
What cream/ointment can be used to help with Herpes Simplex Genitalis?
Acyclovir (Zovirax) Ointment. Ointment can be used for both, cream can only be used for oral herpes
What topical medication can be used for Actinic Keratosis?
5-FU (Efudex, Carac)
Imiquimod cream is indicated for what type of lesion?
Genital warts (condyloma accuminatum)
What is the most appropriate as initial topical therapy for acne rosacea?
Metronidazole
