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Board Study Topics > 00 HIV > Flashcards

00 HIV Flashcards

1
Q

What is the preferred combination therapy for Treatment Naive patients?

A

1 NNRTI or PI or INSTI (+ 2 NRTIs)

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2
Q

For the initial treatment of Treatment Naive patients using: 1 NNRTI or PI or INSTI (+ 2 NRTIs), what is the preferred “1 NNRTI”?

A

Efavirenz

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3
Q

For the initial treatment of Treatment Naive patients using: 1 NNRTI or PI or INSTI (+ 2 NRTIs), what is the preferred “PI”?

A

Atazanavir/Ritonavir combo

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4
Q

For the initial treatment of Treatment Naive patients using: 1 NNRTI or PI or INSTI (+ 2 NRTIs), what is the preferred “INSTI”?

A

Raltegravir

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5
Q

For the initial treatment of Treatment Naive patients using: 1 NNRTI or PI or INSTI (+ 2 NRTIs), what are the “2 NRTIs”?

A

Tenofavir + Emtricitabine

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6
Q

What does NRTI stand for?

A

Nucleoside/tide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

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7
Q

What is the generic name of Ziagen?

A

Abacavir (NRTI)

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8
Q

What is the generic name of Epzicom?

A

Abacavir + Lamivudine

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9
Q

What is the BBW for all NRTIs?

A

Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, sometimes fatal, especially with stavudine, didanosine and zidovudine

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10
Q

What must you screen for before starting Ziagen (Abacavir)?

A

Must screen for the HLA-B*5701 allele prior to starting abacavir therapy - if positive, increased risk for hypersensitivity reaction so do not use. Record as abacavir allergy in patient record

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11
Q

What is the generic name of Emtriva?

A

Emtricitabine (NRTI)

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12
Q

What is the generic name of Truvada?

A

Emtricitabine (NRTI) + Tenofovir (NtRTI)

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13
Q

What is the generic name of Atripla?

A

Emtricitabine (NRTI) + Tenofovir (NtRTI) + Efavirenz (NNRTI)

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14
Q

What is the generic name of Epivir?

A

Lamivudine (NRTI)

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15
Q

What is the generic name of Epzicom?

A

Lamivudine (NRTI) + Abacavir (NRTI)

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16
Q

What does 3TC stand for?

A

Lamivudine

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17
Q

What does FTC stand for?

A

Emtricitabine

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18
Q

What does ABC stand for?

A

Abacavir

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19
Q

What BBW is there for Lamivudine, Emtricitabine, and Tenofovir?

A

May exacerbate Hepatitis B once drug is discontinued or HBV resistance may develop

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20
Q

What is the generic name of Viread?

A

Tenofovir (NRTI)

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21
Q

What does TDF stand for?

A

Tenofovir

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22
Q

What is the only NRTI that CANNOT be taken w/ food?

A

Videx (Didanosine)

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23
Q

What is a class effect with NNRTIs?

A

Hepatotoxicity! Rash (SJS/TEN)

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24
Q

What is the generic name of Sustiva?

A

Efavirenz

25
Q

What does EFV stand for?

A

Efavirenz

26
Q

What are some side effects to look out for with Efavirenz?

A

CNS (impaired concentration, drowsiness, vivid dreams - usually resolve w/in 2-4 weeks) and psychiatric symptoms (depression, paranoia, suicide)

27
Q

What are the common side effects seen for all Protease Inhibitors (PIs)?

A

Hyperglycemia/insulin resistance/diabetes, lipoatrophy, fat maldistribution, hyperlipidemia, hepatitis and hepatic decompensation, immune reconstitution syndrome

28
Q

What is the generic name of Reyataz?

A

Atazanavir (PI)

29
Q

What does ATV stand for?

A

Atazanavir (PI)

30
Q

How is Atazanavir usually dosed?

A

300mg + 100mg Ritonavir daily

31
Q

What are the ADRs associated with Atazanavir?

A

PR interval prolongation, indirect hyperbilirubinemia (leading to jaundice or scleral icterus - referred to as “bananavir”), rash, nephrolithiasis

32
Q

What is the generic name of Prezista?

A

Darunavir (PI)

33
Q

What does DRV stand for?

A

Darunavir

34
Q

When should you use caution with Prezista (Darunavir)?

A

Use caution in patients with a sulfa allergy

35
Q

What is the generic name of Norvir?

A

Ritonavir (PI)

36
Q

What does RTV stand for?

A

Ritonavir

37
Q

What are the ADRs assocaited with Ritonavir?

A

N/V/D, paresthesias, asthenia, altered taste, PR prolongation

38
Q

What is the generic name of Kaletra?

A

Lopinavir (PI) + Ritonavir (PI)

39
Q

What does LPV/r stand for?

A

Lopinavir + Ritonavir

40
Q

What does INSTI stand for?

A

Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors

41
Q

What is the generic name of Isentress?

A

Raltegravir (INSTI)

42
Q

What does RAL stand for?

A

Raltegravir

43
Q

What is Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)?

A

Emtricitabine/Tenofovir (Truvada) 1 tab PO daily to reduce risk of becoming infected, recommended for partners of people with HIV

44
Q

What is the preferred regimen for Occupational Postexposure Prophylaxis?

A

Three drug regimen including Raltegravir + Tenofovir/Emtricitabine (Truvada) for a 4 week course. Taken within 72 hours of exposure

45
Q

What is the treatment of choice for Cryptosporidosis?

A

ART + Hydration/Electrolytes + Anti-motility agents (Loperamide)

46
Q

What is the treatment of choice for Tuberculosis?

A

Isoniazid (INH) + Rifampin (RIF)

47
Q

What is the treatment of choice for Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC)?

A

Clarithromycin (Biaxin) + Ethambutol (EMB). Or Azithromycin (Zithromycin) + EMB

48
Q

What is the treatment of choice for Aspergillus?

A

Voriconazole (Vfend)

49
Q

What is the treatment of choice for Esophageal Candidiasis?

A

Fluconazole (Diflucan), Itraconazole (Sporonox)

50
Q

What is the treatment of choice for HSV?

A

Acyclovir (Zovirax) - dosed based on IBW

51
Q

What is the treatment of choice for Varicella (Chicken Pox) and Herpes Zoster (Shingles)?

A

Valacyclovir (Valtrex) or Famciclovir (Famvir)

52
Q

What is the treatment of choice for Cytomegalovirus (CMV)?

A

Valganciclovir (Valcyte) or Ganciclovir (Cytovene)

53
Q

What is the treatment of choice for Prophylaxis for PCP?

A

TMP/SMX

54
Q

When is PCP prophylaxis indicated?

A

CD4 < 200, D/C once CD4 > 200 for at least 3 months

55
Q

What is the treatment of choice for Toxo Prophylaxis?

A

TMP/SMX

56
Q

What is good about dose adjustments for Abacavir?

A

NO renal adjustment needed

57
Q

Which agent has a BBW for causing Neutropenia?

A

Retrovir (Zidovudine) - AZT

58
Q

Which organ system does Fanconi-like syndrome harm and which HIV medication is associated with?

A

Kidney; tenofovir

Board Study Topics (38 decks)

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