درس سوم Flashcards
قطب شمال
the Arctic
زبان
language
چینی
Chinese
پر کنید
fill
صدا
voice, sound
خوب
good
بسیار
very, much *note: - when used as the adverb “very”, goes BEFORE the noun. - when used as the adjective “many”, goes AFTER the noun.
ولی
but, yet, though
مرسی
thank you
ممنون
thank you (from arabic)
مُتَشَکِرَم
thank you (from arabic)
سباسگزارم
thank you (traditional persian, rarely used except by people against the government and by Persian purists)
خواهش می کنم
you’re welcome
تَمنا می کنم
my pleasure
تو شُغلَت چیست؟
what is your job?
تو به کاره هستی؟
what job do you do?
صُبح بخیر
Good morning!
عَصر بخیر
Good afternoon!
شَب بخیر
Good night!
صُبح
morning
ظُهر
noon
بَعد از ظُهر
afternoon
عَصر
late afternoon
غُروب
sunset
تا
until, so that
فَوت کرد
to die
شَب
night
اتاق
room
همه
everyone
(-خوابیدن (خواب
to sleep
امروز
today
برای
for, to
(-رفتن (رو
to go
بعضی ها
some (people)
دیروز
yesterday
تاریکی
darkness
زندگی می کند
to live
اینجا
here (lit. this place)
آنجا
there
دور
far
آن
that
مالِ من
mine
(-خواندن (حوان
to read, to study
این
this
خیلی
very; many
هَوَا
weather
سَرد
cold
گَرم
hot, warm
بَد
bad
غذا
food
رستوران
restaurant
بَدتَر
worse
بَدتَریِن
worst
روز
day
خوب
well; good
بِهتَر
better
بِهتَریِن
best
(دانشجو (-یان
university student
مُهَندِسِی
engineering
مَمنون
Thanks; grateful
رانندگی می کند
to drive
نمره
grade
دوست
friend
عُمران
civil (e.g. civil engineering)
مَحَبَتَان
kindness, love, affection
خوشا به حالتان
Good for you!
(-گفتن (گو
to say
مَعذِرَت خواستن (خواه) از
to apologize to
رِشتِه
major (in studies)
معذرت می خواهم
I’m sorry
استاد - اساتید - استادها - استادان
teacher (give three plurals) - most formal, only found in written - colloquial - more formal, but still can be said
NEGATION - نفی
- add “ن” to beginning of simple verb, ex: من دیروز به دانشگاه نرفتم - add it to verbal part of a compound noun, ex: ما در ایران زندگی نمی کینم - note that the نـ is pronounced /na/ BUT pronounced /ne/ before می - negative form of present tense of بودن is irregular - note that words like “never, no one, or nowhere” require a negative verb
irregular negation of بودن
نیستم نیستی نیست نیستیم نیستید نیستند
NOUNS: in sentences, agreement, definiteness - give general rules
- basically, adjectives force Persian nouns to be more specific (are you definite or indefinite? are you singular or plural?). Without an adjective, nouns can hide in generality as singular definite beings. - To start off, the noun describing something is definite, unlike English… UNLESS the noun is qualified by an adjective. Exs. من دانشجو هستم = I am a student من دانشجوی خوبی هستم = I am a good student. - the singular is used for plural subjects UNLESS the noun is qualified by an adjective Exs. ما دانشجو هستیم = We are students ما دانشجویان خوبی هستیم = We are good students.
هیچ وقت
never
هیچ کس
no one
هیچ جا
nowhere
ترین-
superlative ending - come before the noun WITHOUT ezafe
تر-
comparative ending - come after the noun with ezafe
adjectives: give rules
- positive and comparative adjectives come after the noun; noun has ezafe دانشگاهِ بد دانشگاهِ بدتر - superlative adjectives come before the noun without ezafe بدترین دانشگاه
بسیار
very, much
بیشتر
more (comparative of بسیار)
بیشترین
most (superlative of بسیار)
یا
or
(-غذا خوردن (خور
to eat [food]
(-زمین خوردن (خور
to fall (lit. “to eat dirt”)
جایی که
where (relative pronoun)
خوشم می آید
I like impersonal construction, lit. “my good/pleasure comes”
وحشی
wild
بهترین دوست
best friend
قبرستان
cemetery
پرچم
flag
جنگ
war
کسانی
those (who)
(-کشته شدن (شو
to be killed
تحمیلی
imposed
جنگ تحمیلی
Iran-Iraq War (lit. “the imposed war”)
