Zoonotic skin infections Flashcards
Gram positive, large, rectangular rods arranged in chains that are non-motile and capsulated
Bacillus anthracis
Polypeptide capsule composed of D-glutamate coded by plasmid that inhibits phagocytosis
Bacillus anthracis
Anthrax toxin
Edema and lethal
Controlled by plasmid, pXO1
Starts as painless papule 1-7 days after exposure. Marked erythema and edema are seen with progression to ulceration with surrounding vesicles. Rupture leads to eschar formation
Cutaneous anthrax
Bacillus anthracis on blood agar
Non-hemolytic colonies with frosted glass and/or medusa head appearance
Gram negative bacilli in polysaccharide protein capsule that produces endotoxin and exotoxin. Giemsa stain shows bipolar staining and safety pin appearance.
Yersinia pestis
Type III secretion system of Yersinia pestis
Inhibit phagocytosis
Suppression of cytokine production
Complications of Yersinia pestis
Pneumonia
DIC
Septicemia
Treatment for plague
Streptomycin
Chloramphenicol
Tetracycline
Leptospiral serogroups
Canicola
Icterohemoorrhagiae
Hebdomadis
Risk factors for leptospirosis
Outdoor activities and watersports
Weil disease
Extensive vasculitis, myocarditis, renal and hepatic failure, and death
In leptospirosis
Demonstrated on dark ground microscopy or silver staining
Leptospirosis
Treatment for leptospirosis
Penicillin
Doxycycline
Gram negative coccobacilli transmitted though cat scratch/bit or cat flea
Bartonella henselae
Post-infection complication of Cat’s scratch disease in immunocompromised
Subacute bacterial endocarditis
Treatment for cat’s scratch disease
Erythromycin
Azithromycin
Doxycycline
Very small, intracellular, faintly stained, gram negative coccobacilli that is encapsulate and strictly aerobic
Francisella tularensis
Skin lesion starts as painful papule at site of inoculation which then ulcerates with a necrotic center and raised border
Tularemia
Treatment of tularemia
Gentamicin - preferred
Doxycycline or cipro in mild infection
Histology of brucella species
Gram negative coccobacilli
Treatment of brucellosis
Tetracyclines
Aminoglycosides
Gram negative, short, encapsulated rod with bipolar staining that is part of the normal flora of cats and dogs
Pasteurella multocida
Virulence factor of Pasteurella multocida
Endotoxin
Symptoms of pasteurellosis
Wound infection
Cellulitis with lymphadenitis
Osteomyelitis
Complication of pasteruellosis
Chronic respiratory disease
Early symptoms of chills, fever, and myalgia followed 1-2 days later by dry cough, HA, N/V, and SOB
Hantavirus
