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MSK II > Fungal skin infections > Flashcards

Fungal skin infections Flashcards

1
Q

Superficial mycoses

A

Tinea versicolor

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2
Q

Cutaneous mycoses

A

Dermatophytosis/ringworm
Candidiasis

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3
Q

Subcutaneous mycoses

A

Sporotrichosis
Mycetoma
Chromomycosis
Rhinosporidiosis

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4
Q

Systemic mycoses

A

Coccidioidomycosis
Blastomycosis
Paracoccidioidomycosis
Histoplasmosis

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5
Q

Fungus that causes tinea versicolor

A

Malassezia furfur

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6
Q

Fungi that cause dermatophytosis

A

Trichophyton
Microsporum
Epidermophyton

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7
Q

Fungus that causes sporotrichosis

A

Sporothrix schenkii

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8
Q

Fungus that causes coccidioidomycosis

A

Coccidioides immitis

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9
Q

Fungus that causes blastomycosis

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

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10
Q

Fungus that causes paracoccidioidmycosis

A

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

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11
Q

Transmission of Malassezia furfur

A

Direct or indirect transfer of infected keratinous material from one person to another

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12
Q

Dry, scaly, hypo/hyperpigmented lesions on the upper trunk, arms, chest, shoulders, face, or neck

A

Tinea versicolor

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13
Q

Spherical yeast cells mixed with short, angular hyphae in skin scraping

A

Tinea versicolor

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14
Q

Treatment for tinea versicolor

A

Topical azoles –> ketoconazole or itraconazole

Selenium sulfide

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15
Q

Infector form for dermatophytosis and transmission

A

Arthrospores

Person to person, fomites

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16
Q

Most common cause of tinea capitus in children

A

Trichophyton dermatophytosis

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17
Q

Branching, hyaline septate and fungal hyphae on KOH mount

A

Dermatophytosis

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18
Q

Lactophenol cotton blue staining is used in the diagnosis

A

Dermatophytosis

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19
Q

Shows moldy growth at room temp in sebouradus dextrose sugar

A

Dermatophytosis

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20
Q

Treatment for dermatophytosis

A

Miconazole
Clotrimazole
Itraconazole
Whitfield ointment

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21
Q

Combination of benzoic and salicylic acid

A

Whitfield ointment

22
Q

Oval yeast-like forms that produce buds/blastoconidia, pseudohyphae and true hyphae. Forms germ tubes and terminal thick-walled chlamydoconidia

A

Candida albicans

23
Q

Fungal infections that present as pruritic rash with erythematous vesiculopustular lesions and well-defined plaques with satellite plaques and pustules

A

Candidiasis

24
Q

Treatment of cutaneous candidiasis

A

Several topical agents that contain azoles

25
Q

Fungal lesion that is scaly and extremely itchy with expanding border and less inflammed center caused

A

Dermatophytosis

26
Q

Gram stain in candidiasis

A

Oval budding yeast cells with pseudohyphae

27
Q

General transmission of subq mycoses

A

Traumatic inoculation

28
Q

Rose garderner’s disease

A

Sporotrichosis

29
Q

Conidia infection that binds to ECM proteins and multiplies, stimulating neutrophils and granulomatous inflammation

A

Sporotrichosis

30
Q

How sporothrix schenkii survives in the body

A

Resists oxidative killing and spreads through lymphatic

31
Q

Painless nodules or ulcers at the site of inoculation and along the draining lymphatic chain

A

Sporotrichosis

32
Q

Treatment for sporotrichosis

A

Itraconazole
Amphotericin B

33
Q

General transmission of systemic mycoses

A

Inhalation of spores that germinate in the lungs

34
Q

GMS, PAS, or Giemsa stain shows broad based budding yeasts

A

Blastomycosis

35
Q

Treatment of blastomycosis

A

Itraconazole
Amphotericin B
Fluconazole if progressed to meningitis

36
Q

Tissue form is a large, distinctive spherule

A

Coccidioides immitus

37
Q

Rectangular/barrel-shaped arthrospores cause infection

A

Coccidiomycosis

38
Q

Grows in sandy alkaline soil with high salinity

A

Coccidioides immitus

39
Q

Valley fever

A

Coccidiomycosis

40
Q

Symptoms of Valley fever

A

Malaise
Cough
Chest pain
Fever
Arthralgia

41
Q

Chest x-ray findings in coccidiomycosis

A

Hilar adenopathy

42
Q

Erythematous macular rash, erythema multiforme or nodosum after dissemination of this systemic fungal infection

A

Coccidiomycosis

43
Q

Highly infectious systemic fungal infection

A

Coccidiomycosis

44
Q

Treatment of coccidiomycosis

A

Fluconazole
Amphotericin B
Itraconazole

45
Q

Fungal infection endemic in central and South America

A

Paracoccidioidomycosis

46
Q

Histology of paracoccidioidomycosis

A

Pilot wheel –> yeast with multiple buds

47
Q

Endemic areas of coccidiomycosis

A

Southwestern USA and Latin America

48
Q

Endemic areas of histoplasma

A

Ohio and Mississippi river valleys in US
Associated with bird and bat guano –> worldwide

49
Q

Endemic areas of blastomycosis

A

Central and southeastern USA
Africa

MSK II (16 decks)

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