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MSK II > Pyogenic skin infections > Flashcards

Pyogenic skin infections Flashcards

1
Q

Infection of subq tissue with draining sinuses that is endogenous from mucus membrane that may present with lock jaw

A

Actinomycosis

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2
Q

Gram positive cocci arranged in clusters with positive catalase and coagulase tests

A

S aureus

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3
Q

Staphs with negative coagulase test

A

S epidermidis
S saprophyticus

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4
Q

Most common cause of localized pyogenic cutaneous infections

A

S aureus

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5
Q

Causes of impetigo

A

Streptococcus pyogenes
S aureus

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6
Q

Erythematous macule, vesicle, and pustule with ruptures leaving honey-colored crusts with lymphadenitis

A

Non-bullous impetigo

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7
Q

Superficial fragile serum-filled bullae on trunk and extremities

A

Bullous impetigo

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8
Q

Rapidly growing, gram-positive cocci in chains with beta-hemolytic colonies on blood agar

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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9
Q

Positive bacitracin test of blood agar and negative catalase test

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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10
Q

Complications of streptococcal pyogenes infection in a person with soft tissue infection

A

Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome

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11
Q

Complications in pts with prior streptococcal pharyngitis

A

Rheumatic fever
Glomerulonephritis

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12
Q

Exotoxins A and C of streptococcus pyogenes are related to what presentation

A

Scarlet fever

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13
Q

Exotoxin B of streptococcus pyogenes is related to what presentation

A

Necrotizing fasciitis

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14
Q

Hyaluronidase streptokinase produced by streptococcus pyogenes is related to what presentations

A

Erysipelas
Cellulitis

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15
Q

Key virulence factor of streptococcus pyogenes

A

M protein

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16
Q

Well demarcated, salmon red rash with pain, edema and erythema that is commonly on the legs

A

Erysipelas

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17
Q

Systemic manifestations in Erysipelas

A

Leukocytosis and lymphadenopathy
Chills and fever

18
Q

Progression of erysipelas

A

Sepsis
Local necrosis of skin

19
Q

Pathogens that cause cellulitis

A

S pyogenes
S aureus
Clostridium perfringens
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
Vibrio vulnificus
Pasteurella mutocida
Pseudomonas

20
Q

Main virulence factor of Clostridium perfringens

A

Alpha toxin/lecithinase

21
Q

Effect of alpha toxin of Clostridium perfringens

A

Hemolytic, cytotoxic, and necrotic by degrading lecithin

22
Q

Gram positive rods in pus without any inflammatory cells due to lysis

A

Clostridium perfringens

23
Q

Treatment for gas gangrene

A

Penicillin
Clindamycin
Debridement
Amputation

24
Q

Test for alpha toxin of Clostridium perfringens

A

Nagler reaction

25
Q

Contaminates wounds caused during fishing, whaling, butchering, and in veterinarians

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

26
Q

Gram positive, filamentous, catalase negative bacilli

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

27
Q

Viral factors and their functions in Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

A

Neuraminadase –> penetrates epithelial cells

Capsule –> antiphagocytic

28
Q

Erythematous violaceous rash on finger that proceeds to cellulitis and can lead to erysipeloid and septicemia

A

Cellulitis from Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

29
Q

Treatment for Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae cellulitis

A

Penicillin
Cephalosporins
Clindamycin
Fluoroquiniolones

30
Q

Gram negative, curved rods. Oxidase positive and halophilic.

A

Vibrio vulnificus

31
Q

Transmission of Vibrio vulnificus

A

Contact with marine shellfish

32
Q

Symptoms of Vibrio vulnificus infection

A

Ecchymosis
Painful bullae
Cellulitis
Septicemia

33
Q

Treatment for Vibrio vulnificus infection

A

Tetraclycin
Cefotaxime
Fluoroquinolones
Debdridement

34
Q

Gram negative rods. Green pigmented colonies with fruity odor on culture. Oxidase positive.

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

35
Q

Virulence factors of pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Elastases
Exotoxin
Endotoxin
Capsule
Slime layer

36
Q

Pathogen causing erythematous centrally necrotic lesions that rapidly progresses to sepsis and direct invasion and destruction of blood vessels

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

37
Q

Ecthyma gangrenosum

A

Skin lesion with central necrosis and erythematous margins

38
Q

Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections

A

Cephalosporins
Carbapenems

39
Q

Pharyngitis, strawberry tongue, flushed face, oral pallor, diffuse blanching rash

A

Scarlet fever after streptococcus pharyngitis

40
Q

Rash with separation of epidermis diffusely due to loss of adhesion in young children

A

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS)

41
Q

Acute onset of fever, hypotension and multi-organ dysfunction with diffuse macular desquamating erythematous rash

A

Toxic shock syndrome

42
Q

Virulence factor implicated in scalded skin syndrome

A

Exfoliative toxin

MSK II (16 decks)

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