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MSK II > Parasitic skin infections > Flashcards

Parasitic skin infections Flashcards

1
Q

Parasites causing cutaneous larva migrans and larva currens

A

Ancylostoma braziliense
Strongyloides stercoralis

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2
Q

Parasite that causes swimmer’s itch

A

Schistosoma douthitti

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3
Q

Parasite that causes cutaneous leishmaniasis

A

Leishmania major

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4
Q

Parasite that causes Chagas disease

A

Trypanosoma cruzi

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5
Q

Parasite that causes trichinosis

A

Trichinella spiralis

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6
Q

Parasite that causes cysticercosis

A

Taenia solium

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7
Q

Parasite that causes toxoplasmosis

A

Toxoplasma gondii

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8
Q

Dog and cat hookworm

A

Ancylostoma braziliense

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9
Q

Treatment for cutaneous larva migrans

A

Albendazole - preferred
Ivermectin
Thiabendazole

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10
Q

Serpigenous maculopapular or urticarial rash seen along the buttocks, perineum, and thighs due to repeated auto-infection

A

Larva currens from Strongyloides stercoralis

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11
Q

Complication of larva currens

A

Hyperinfection syndrome

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12
Q

Small, itchy, papular rash due to immunological reaction to the entry of cercariae

A

Swimmer’s itch/cercarial dermatitis

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13
Q

Treatment for cercarial dermatitis

A

Antihistamines

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14
Q

Starts as intense pruritic red papule with later ulcerates. Ulcer gradually becomes hard and crusted, and exudates a thin serous material

A

Leishmaniasis cutaneous

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15
Q

Starts as cutaneous lesions and spreads to mucus membranes leading to destruction of tissues and disfigurement

A

Leishmaniasis mucocutaneous

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16
Q

Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis

A

Pigmented granulomatous lesions of skin

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17
Q

Vector for leishmaniasis

A

Sandfly (phlebotomus)

18
Q

Infective form of leishmaniasis injected by sandlfy

A

Promastigote stage

19
Q

Form leishmaniasis found in gut of vector

A

Slender flagellate forms

20
Q

Diagnostic stage of leishmaniasis in humans

A

Promastigote is phagocytosed by macrophages and transformed into amastigotes

21
Q

Infective form of leishmaniasis to sandfly

A

Amastigotes

22
Q

Endemic areas for Chagas disease

A

Latin America

23
Q

Transmission of Chagas disease

A

Vector - Reduviid bug/kissing bugs defecates into bite wound after feeding

24
Q

Chagoma

A

Erythematous induration at the site of the bug bite

25
Q

Romana sign in Chagas disease

A

Rash and edema around the eyes and face

26
Q

Signs of CNS involvement in Chagas disease

A

Fever, chills, and malaise
Myalgia
Fatigue

27
Q

Complication of Chagas disease if left untreated in acute phase

A

Life-long disease that will develop into chronic phase 10-20 years after initial infection characterized by myocarditis

28
Q

Complications of Chagas disease

A

Megacolon
Megaesophagus
Cardiac aneurysm
CNS damage

29
Q

Microscopy of trypomastigote in Chagas disease

A

Flagellate form seen in vector and human blood during acute phase

30
Q

Microscopy of amastigote in Chagas disease

A

Non-flagellate form seen in muscle, macrophages, and bone marrow

31
Q

Treatment of acute phase of Chagas disease

A

Benznidazole
Nifurtimox

32
Q

Treatment of chronic phase of Chagas disease

A

None

33
Q

Transmission of trichinosis

A

Eating raw or undercooked pork or bear

34
Q

Encyst in skeletal muscle as coiled larvae

A

Trichinosis

35
Q

Heavy infection of trichinosis may lead these severe problems

A

Meningoencephalitis
Psychosis
Myocarditis
Pneumonitis
Death

36
Q

Treatment of trichinosis

A

Mebendazole
Steroids

37
Q

Can be transmitted by contact with cat feces

A

Toxoplasmosis

38
Q

Disease characterized by cell destruction, reproduction of more organisms, and eventual cyst formation in tissues

A

Toxoplasmosis

39
Q

Transmission of cysticercosis

A

Ingestion of water or vegetation contaminated with eggs from human feces

40
Q

When can serious disease occur in cysticercosis

A

When larvae lodge in vital areas, such as brain or eyes

41
Q
A

MSK II (16 decks)

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