Parasitic skin infections

Question 1

Parasites causing cutaneous larva migrans and larva currens

Answer 1

Ancylostoma braziliense
Strongyloides stercoralis

Question 2

Parasite that causes swimmer’s itch

Answer 2

Schistosoma douthitti

Question 3

Parasite that causes cutaneous leishmaniasis

Answer 3

Leishmania major

Question 4

Parasite that causes Chagas disease

Answer 4

Trypanosoma cruzi

Question 5

Parasite that causes trichinosis

Answer 5

Trichinella spiralis

Question 6

Parasite that causes cysticercosis

Answer 6

Taenia solium

Question 7

Parasite that causes toxoplasmosis

Answer 7

Toxoplasma gondii

Question 8

Dog and cat hookworm

Answer 8

Ancylostoma braziliense

Question 9

Treatment for cutaneous larva migrans

Answer 9

Albendazole - preferred
Ivermectin
Thiabendazole

Question 10

Serpigenous maculopapular or urticarial rash seen along the buttocks, perineum, and thighs due to repeated auto-infection

Answer 10

Larva currens from Strongyloides stercoralis

Question 11

Complication of larva currens

Answer 11

Hyperinfection syndrome

Question 12

Small, itchy, papular rash due to immunological reaction to the entry of cercariae

Answer 12

Swimmer’s itch/cercarial dermatitis

Question 13

Treatment for cercarial dermatitis

Answer 13

Antihistamines

Question 14

Starts as intense pruritic red papule with later ulcerates. Ulcer gradually becomes hard and crusted, and exudates a thin serous material

Answer 14

Leishmaniasis cutaneous

Question 15

Starts as cutaneous lesions and spreads to mucus membranes leading to destruction of tissues and disfigurement

Answer 15

Leishmaniasis mucocutaneous

Question 16

Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis

Answer 16

Pigmented granulomatous lesions of skin

Question 17

Vector for leishmaniasis

Answer 17

Sandfly (phlebotomus)

Question 18

Infective form of leishmaniasis injected by sandlfy

Answer 18

Promastigote stage

Question 19

Form leishmaniasis found in gut of vector

Answer 19

Slender flagellate forms

Question 20

Diagnostic stage of leishmaniasis in humans

Answer 20

Promastigote is phagocytosed by macrophages and transformed into amastigotes

Question 21

Infective form of leishmaniasis to sandfly

Answer 21

Amastigotes

Question 22

Endemic areas for Chagas disease

Answer 22

Latin America

Question 23

Transmission of Chagas disease

Answer 23

Vector - Reduviid bug/kissing bugs defecates into bite wound after feeding

Question 24

Chagoma

Answer 24

Erythematous induration at the site of the bug bite

Question 25

Romana sign in Chagas disease

Answer 25

Rash and edema around the eyes and face

Question 26

Signs of CNS involvement in Chagas disease

Answer 26

Fever, chills, and malaise Myalgia Fatigue

Question 27

Complication of Chagas disease if left untreated in acute phase

Answer 27

Life-long disease that will develop into chronic phase 10-20 years after initial infection characterized by myocarditis

Question 28

Complications of Chagas disease

Answer 28

Megacolon Megaesophagus Cardiac aneurysm CNS damage

Question 29

Microscopy of trypomastigote in Chagas disease

Answer 29

Flagellate form seen in vector and human blood during acute phase

Question 30

Microscopy of amastigote in Chagas disease

Answer 30

Non-flagellate form seen in muscle, macrophages, and bone marrow

Question 31

Treatment of acute phase of Chagas disease

Answer 31

Benznidazole Nifurtimox

Question 32

Treatment of chronic phase of Chagas disease

Answer 32

None

Question 33

Transmission of trichinosis

Answer 33

Eating raw or undercooked pork or bear

Question 34

Encyst in skeletal muscle as coiled larvae

Answer 34

Trichinosis

Question 35

Heavy infection of trichinosis may lead these severe problems

Answer 35

Meningoencephalitis Psychosis Myocarditis Pneumonitis Death

Question 36

Treatment of trichinosis

Answer 36

Mebendazole Steroids

Question 37

Can be transmitted by contact with cat feces

Answer 37

Toxoplasmosis

Question 38

Disease characterized by cell destruction, reproduction of more organisms, and eventual cyst formation in tissues

Answer 38

Toxoplasmosis

Question 39

Transmission of cysticercosis

Answer 39

Ingestion of water or vegetation contaminated with eggs from human feces

Question 40

When can serious disease occur in cysticercosis

Answer 40

When larvae lodge in vital areas, such as brain or eyes